Hadamitsky & Spahn - Kanji & Kana.pdf - PDFCOFFEE.COM (2024)

I

J

'

a

Table 1. The 79 Radicals (without variants)

-+

b

c

r-

/i

k

m

n

e

d

f

g

h

i

"riHRL p

q

l

s

r

t

< ?b t c $ ud &e @ g h? ij a f g + C1-r

j

w

3

j

TJ-U r

n

m

k

O

P

s

q

Z # a s t + r ~ fa i% a

b

c

J b\

k

d

e

f

g

h

i

j

F-ti; n m

Z ~ P I ] 9- ~ EEr=

bII,

a

!

a

f

b

c

d

b

g c

d

c

d

k

e

f

e

f

7a19ss a

&

a& bf2 L -

3l2,)Ly4-47 7921.2 -

iie nao watashi enerugi opera Washirztorz

no further, still I , me energy opera Washington

-

But the same three sounds are written -14, $13, and it//\when they represent postpositional "auxiliary words" or particles (joslzi):

t hb:Si;ta

.5492"\ -

konnichi wa Teheran e

Hello! to Teheran

b f2 Lt t it$?( B $7, 1. z k > ; k f . , Watashi wa hagaki o posuto e ireta. I put the postcard in the mailbox. 11. The word @ 5 "say" is pronounced

@J

jyo but written b > j iu.

Table 10. I[mpostant Katakana Combinations (according to western alphabetical order)

ts v

w

tsa Y 7 va Y7

tso Y A-

tse '7r

Y1'

ve Yr

vi

we If L

wi 31'

vo 9.2wo

---

--

vu Y

3A-

As shown in this table, a foreign sound that does not normally occur in Japanese is sometimes represented by a normal-size katakana followed by a smaller-size katakana vowel character. In practice, however, foreign words are often "nipponized" so that, for example, the Spanish viva is represented not by Y 4 Y 7 but simply by elf.

Usage As mentioned previously, modem texts usually consist of a mixture of kanji and hiragana, with a sprinkling of katakana (kanji-kana majiri). Each of these scripts serves definite functions. The following rules outline what the kana syllabaries are used for.

Usages of hiragana 1. All types of native words other than substantives, verbs, and adjective: yoku tabun kono asoko dakara

well, often probably this, these there so, therefore still, not yet only to

2. Substantives,verbs, and adjectives in certain cases (as when the formerly used kanji have become obsolete): bl-$

(&)l;f: L

73-6 ~ $ $3 f i b ' . 5fiLbb

6

isu (0)hashi suru dekiru kirei ureshii

chair chopsticks do, make can, be able Pretty happy

3. Inflectional endings of all words written with kanji:

?T < jT73'abb Elk'.

%?I

i-ku i-kanai shiro-i matsu-ri

go not go white festival

Hiragana used for writing word endings (gobi) are called okurigana. But it must be noted that in many cases not only the inflectional ending but also part of the stem (gokan) is written in kana (in particular, this incudes adjectives ending in -shii, and ichi-dun or "vowel" verbs, which end in -eru or -iru): %Lba

A3

atara-shii 6-kii

new big

fix y4->* y z 2 , - ~ *

73Y -tf )L F )L 7 *

ti qudtari Firipin Ddwin Vin JunPvu Dyusserudorujii

tea a quarterly the Philippines Darwin Vienna Gen6ve Diisseldorf

*The ministry of Education presently recommends that these be written 9 4 - 2 Uin, Y L ;i.- 1 JunCbu, and Y L Y -k )L F)L 7 Jussenrdonrfu.

In many cases Japanese prefer to give foreign words a more Japanese-sounding pronunciation:

,P4;f'] 2 k-9 5 > -

-f-4 7 :/if 6- b - 4 > -

baiorin bitamin chimu

violin vitamin team

rajio BPtdben

radio Beethoven

.

The consonant I, which does not occur in the Japanese language, is transcribed with a katakana from the ra row of the Gojfl-ontable:

$-)L -

-

4 7"L9 -

h6ru raburetd

hall; hole (in golf) love letter

Katakana are also used for the following: 3. Names of plants and animals (especially in scientific contexts): ;i.%*:

-?YE 93'7

nezumi maguro sakura

mouse, rat tuna cherry tree

But kanji and hiragana are also used:

k $4 S@X/

inu sakura mikan

dog cherry tree mandarin orange

4. Some female given names: Emi Mari

JL
I 51

X

R

Z fi d IT 4- " /+,- I ! , J $ 8 E n fi B & P 9 R E m 7 B B 8 ,$ 53

52

m

4%

58

69

74

-599 - k 60; 70

75

61

62

63

71

72

73

76

53

64

65

77

78

57

-

67

79

80

68

Readings When Chinese texts were introduced into Japan, the Japanese adopted not only the Chinese characters but their Chinese readings as well. In being adapted to the Japanese phonetic system, the Chinese pronunciations were modified. For example, the distinctions between the four tones of Chinese were ignored. (This is one reason for the large number of homophones in Japanese.) Later, Chinese characters were used to represent Japanese words of identical or similar meaning and were given Japanese readings. This explains why most kanji have both Chinese-derived (on) and native Japanese (kun) readings. Moreover, a single kaiiji may have two or more on or kun readings, each indicati nuance (in contrast to Chinese, in which each character has only In prescribing the basic kanji, the Ministry of Education limited not only the number of characters recognized for geneal use but also the number of officially authorized readings. Of the 1,945 Jay6 Kanji dealt with in this book, 1,200 have both Chinese and Japanese readings, a little more than 700 have only Chinese readings, and 43 have only Japanese readings. The kanji which have only a kun reading consist almost entirely of characters which were created by Japanese in imitation of the Chinese pattern (kokuji). The character l?l meaning "work" is the only kokuji to which a pseudo-on-readingis attached; its on reading is dcJ and its kun reading is hatara(ku). By convention, when it is necessary to distinguish on and kun readings, an on reading is spelled with katakana or uppercase roman letters, and a kun reading is spelled with hiagana or lowercase roman letters. Whether a word is to be read with an on or with a kun reading can be determined in most - -- -c a ~ b ~ m ethe a f01lOWi~tWiZ:~ f ^-

1. One-character words are read with their kun readings:

A • El

person mouth sun; day

hito kuchi hi

Most of the relatively few single-characterwords which are pronounced with on readings have no kun readings, so the problem of choosing between two different readings seldom arises. 2 3 o r d s i n c o r p o & g o k u u ' g a n ~ p m ~ Wreadings: -3

W& r3 A3

hitotsu akari 6kii

-

--

- --

- -

one light big -

--

-

-

-

-

&PA J! U

dasu iriguchi

take out entrance

3. Kanji sequences without okurigana are usually read with on readings:

R%

KENBUTS JINKO

sight-seeing population

4. Personal names are usually read with kun readings:

HQ

Tanaka

Yamada

The characters composing a given compound word are generally read either all on or all kun. Some character combinations have two, and in rare cases three, different readings, which may be associated with similar or with different meanings:

Ba B

- El

myfirtichi,asu ichinichi, ichijitsu tsuitachi

tomorrow I day 1st of the month

Sometimes kanji are used either (a) exclusively to convey the meaning of a word, disregarding the usual readings of the kanji; or (b) exclusively as phonetic symbols, disregarding the meanings of the individual kanji. Both types of kanji are called ateji:

kA

otona &El =I XI okdsan

(a)

adult mother

The readings asu and tsuitachi for the compounds Ba B and - B given above belong to this group.

&%a

(b)

dekiru

can, be able

A number of kanji are used in compounds to refer to countries. Most are ateji of the second type, derived from an obsolete phonetic kanji spelling of the name of the country. The following list gives the most frequently encounterd kanji which denote countries; those marked with an asterisk [*] are not among the 1,945 basic kanji.

El

Nichi, NitChlZ %* Kan 4&! Etsu EP In ft: Hi @, 3* GCS

+'

Japan China South Korea Vietnam India the Philippines Australia

% ?14! Ih @*

E

Bei Ei Doku Futsu I Ro Sei

America, U.S.A. Britain, England Germany France Italy Russia Spain

Writing the Strokes in the Correct Direction and Sequence At least in the beginning, reading practice should be supplemented by writing practice. Only by repeatedly writing the individual characters and their compounds can one gain confidence in reading. In addition, stroke counting, which is indispensable in using character dictionaries, can be mastered only trough writing. Writing the most complex kanji will present no difficulties once one knows to apply the writing rules to the limited number of elements which make up any kanji. The main problem is active writing: that is, reproducing from memory a character that has already been learned. The small numbers given at the beginning of each stroke in the kanji illustrations in the following examples, and in the List of the Joy6 Kanji, indicate the direction in which each stroke is to be written and the order in which the strokes are to be written, as well as the total number of strokes in the kanji.

Stroke direction 1. Horizontal strokes are

2. Vertical or slanting strokes are written from top to bottom:

'C

y.

--

An-exception-is the combination-of-a-short-slanting- down-stroke-followed-by-a-shortslanting up-stroke, as in the radicals 'Z sanzui, 1 nisui, and yarnaidare and in ;sJ;: kyr2, rnoro(rneru)and other related kanji:

3. A stroke may change direction several times:

Stroke order 1. From top to bottom:

2. From left to right:

3. Middle part before short flanking side-strokes:

Exceptions:

4. Horizontal stroke before intersecting vertical stroke:

Exceptions:

and elements and characters built from these.

5. When slanting strokes intersect, the one running from upper right to lower left is written -. first:

6. A piercing vertical stroke is written last:

When the vertical middle stroke protrudes neither above nor below, the writing sequence is: upper part, middle stroke, lower part:

7. A piercing horizontal stroke is written last:

8. First the vertical stroke, then the short horizontal stroke which adjoins it on the right:

10. Shinnyc?,shinnyl? i is written last:

This symbol denotes the repetition of the immediately preceding kanji in the same word, but not when kanji are repeated merely by coincidence: yamayama hitobito

mountain people

minshu shugi

democracy

nut:

In order to avoid confusing the beginner, not all details of the strokeorder rules set forth by the Ministry of Education have been- given here.- .-. --

For all J6y6 Kanji listed in this book the beginning of each stroke and the stroke order are shown by small numbers attached to the big main entry characters in the Kanji List. The main entry characters also serve as a model for the length of each stroke and its direction (vertical or slanted, straight or curved). The typeface of the main entry characters is very close to the standard handwritten form of the kanji. Note that even within handwritten characters some strokes may differ in length and direction, depending on personal habits or whether a kanji is written with pen or brush. A number of strokes in printed characters differ considerably in length and direction from their handwritten counterparts. (In the same way that a printed "a" may look quite different from a handwritten "a" in the Roman alphabet. But even printed characters may look quite different, depending on the typeface used. Note that in some cases a handwritten stroke may look like two strokes in its printed version or is actually written with two strokes in calligraphy. When counting strokes, be aware that in this handbook we consider the following components to consist of the following number of strokes: T (I), -3- (2), B (2), i(2), f k (4), A (4), E (7) The following list gives examples for the most frequently occurring differences in direction and length of strokes. The first two kanji in a row are the forms that are considered "standard" in written and printed form, while the following ones are variants usually tolerated as "still correct". The number preceding the kanji is the entry number for that kanji in the two Kanji Lists of this handbook; the number at the end of each line is the number of the stroke that differs between the standard and variant for& of the kanji.

Length of strokes @

fi

Q)

$ J

b

30 (likewise % 636, etc.)

$

P

152 (likewise 8 153,

i?q

1238,

etc.)

Length of first stroke may likewise vary in these and related kanji:

h 14, @ 273,

461,

% 782, i% 984, % !!

1007, $ ! 1008

F P

Direction of strokes

@

a

= i i

+ + z ,,

a W 3 r -r".k 03 D s j r r~-,

$* @

jff

o ,fL @ %E % % A

EEI

- P ?

105 (likewise

E5

f3 110, etc.)

*a

121 (likewise A 8, fj 70, 2 l i i , i ~ 190, j 694, 2 1225, etc.) 155 (likewise i i 357, etc.)

zz

308 (likewise $1620, etc.)

?t

321 (likewise

@

@ % f5 $$ $ @-@ @ #2$ #$ $+

0-P

e - e

66 (likewise % 67, etc.)

r3

A 7

404 (likewise 458 (likewise $& 180, etc.)

R $3 Its re % 2E

254 (likewise L 73, % 75, '$k 386, t 541, % 543, it 798, etc.) 436 (likewise % 437, etc.) 831 (likewise % 832, etc.)

@ %

Up-sweeping hook at end of strokes 22 (likewise ib. 25,

--

@

8

ftt

52 @

242 (likewise % 458, % 908, etc.)

(likewise #?741, etc.) ++j $2+ 35 282 -- - - ---

- -

f i A=

224 (likewise % 69, $! 319, etc.)

% %

@ %%

191, %2 755, etc.)

-

--

R!i%

-

1

Curving of strokes

02 f i % f i

8 (likewise % 38, #83,

2 126, #&376)

-L

I \

351 (likewise 1401.43 476, .tW 5 3 1 , s 556,

@

etc.)

+-

R * n rJ-

@

jliI &j

165 (likewise $8537, 3 724,

740,

etc.)

$

442 (likewise %548, etc.)

A

208 (likewise 3% 150, B 246, $265, +? 1266, etc.)

a

@

795,

E 1265,

3 77 @ F 3 $ - 357 O= @

A

tfD

Ir I_

13

I+?

1-

-?

JL\ lb 1~ 0A A A A @

tc

$

jZ!

?T

-P;1 @

@ @ s

e l

I3

103 (likewise T 941, f 942, etc.)

3 7 3 3

140 (likewise iEfJ 412, i$? 536, /@ 647, etc.)

m

831 (likewise ?$832, etc.)

$3 +%

rfi?

x

97 (likewise &\ 520, etc.) 1 ("k""i

20, K ! 383,

52, & 776, etc.)

A A

776 (likewise 2k 437. etc.)

Touching strokes 2% @-07 %

$I# +

0-0X

JZ x 3.

B-Q

a a

0-02 -

/

358 (likewise % 487, 5% 564,

% 723, etc.)

\

# :g

1594 (likewise 2 111)

fl

17 (likewise El 5, BI 35, El 5 6 , s 77, %! 143, BE1 161, 2k 437, iH 517, % 1219,etc.)

& ,

121 (likewise 3 1225, etc.)

94 (likewise i??1248, etc.)

I

Tz. IL T

7j=

Crossing strokes

o-ok k fr -k

102 (likewise b? 104, % 105, etc.)

Number of strokes

o b L l%

tt

tt

,

, oL, , A k k o * %%ff-

*

798 (likewise -k!? 587, etc.)

126 (likewise @ 246, %% 247, etc.) 251 (likewise

255, ?$6359, etc.)

Position of strokes

-Jt

j

73 (likewise %? 1265)

/&

/ -

?& 3%

Wow to Use a Kanji Dictionary Many people have sought in vain to arrange Chinese characters in some logical way that would make it easy to look up a character whose readings are unknown. In 1716 a character dictionary known as the Kdki Jiten was published in China. In this work 214 character components called "radicals" were used to classify some 47,000 Chinese characters into an equal number of groups. Since in general a character contains a number of radicals, a decision had to be made concerning which of its constituent radicals each character would be classified under. Unfortunately, this was not decided according to any consistent graphical principle, but rather the radical which indicates the meaning of the character was selected. This classical radical system, despite all its shortcomings, is still used as the basis for almost all character dictionaries. The 214 radicals are arranged in order of stroke count, as are the characters within each group. This traditional system of arrangement is so complex that even for Japanese it is easier to use an index to locate a character than it is to search for the character directly. The character dictionaries used by Japanese (Kan-Wa jiten) often include three indexes: an index by radicals (bushu sakuin), a troke-count index (sdkaku sakuin), and an index by readings (on-kun sakuin). This book also includes three such indexes, which makes it possible to quickly look up any of the 1,945kanji in the main part and the 284 kanji in the name part, and thus use this book as a concise kanji dictionary encompassing these JrTyd Kanji and name kanji. The second volume, the dictionary, contains all the individual kanji and all the compounds in this book, arranged alphabetically by reading in the first part and by meaning in the second part. All together, this provides five possible ways to look up a character or compound.

How to use the indexes: To the right of a kanji entry in the indexes is the running number of the kanji in the main part of the book, in which the Jay(?Kanji are numbered from 1 to 1,945 and the name kanji are numbered from 2,001 to 2,284. 1. Index by Readings (page 394) The alphabetically arranged index by readings is used when one knows one of the readings of the desired kanji. Since many kanji have the same on reading (among the JdyrT Kanji alone there are 45 characters that have the reading KAN), one should whenever possible look for the kanji under its kun reading. Since often a reading will belong to many kanji, the kanji listed under a given reading are first subdivided into groups sharing the same component (generally the pronunciation-determining component), then subdivided by increasing stroke count. At the end of each group are kanji which could be sought in this group because of the component they share with it, but which have a different reading. These kanji appear in parentheses, with their actual reading given to the right.

1

I

The end of each group is denoted by a horizontal line. Following a group of kanji that share both the same component and the same reading are more kanji, arranged in order of increasing stroke count, that share the component but have a different reading. This arrangement allows the user to quickly find the running number of the kanji of known reading that he is looking for by zeroing in on the group having the kanji's distinctive grapheme or, if not found there, the remaining kanji of the same reading. If a kanji is sought under an erroneous reading, a cross-reference directs the user to the right reading. Other advantages of this arrangement are that it calls attention to the systematic way in which kanji are put together, it shows etymological connections, it points out the commonalities and differences between certain kanji, it provides groupings of kanji containing similar graphical components for repetition and self-testing, and it aids in expanding one's kanji vocabulary by learning new kanji in a group in which most of the kanji have already been learned.

under which it was traditionally listed. This is a result of the attempt to make the lookup system simpler and more logical, and a consequence of the fact that many kanji were simplified in the years after the Second World War thereby no longer contained their traditional radical. Andrew N. Nelson, in his Modern Reader's Japanese-English Character Dictionary, which first came out in 1962, attempted to arrange the characters according to easy-tofollo-w, logical rules while still maintaining the classical radicals. The idea was to allow -the reader, after having familiarized himself with the system, to look up characters directly, without resorting to a register of radicals. Spahn and Hadamitzky (S&H), in their Kanji Dictionary, which first came out in 1989 under the title Japanese Character Dictionary, carried this a step further by reducing the cumbersomely numerous 214 radicals to a set of 79 and arranging radicals with the same number of strokes into a systematic sequence. The present book includes a radical index according to the S&H rules. To gain familiarity with this radical system, the user should examine Tables 1 (inside front cover), 2 (front end paper), and the Rules for determining the radical of a kanji (page 65). ---Traditiona1-radicalsystemslistladicdsaingthesme stroke c o n with no other apparent ordering principle, thus making the search more time-consuming than it needs to be to find one of 214 radicals, In S&H, radicals having the same stroke count are listed according to their usual position within a character (in the order of left side, right side, top, bottom, enclosure), and are sub-ordered according to their relative frequency of occur-

A kanji will typically contain several graphical components (graphemes) that are listed in a character dictionary's table of radicals, so the problem is to devise rules for determining which of these graphemes is its radical, that is, the radical under which it is will be found in the dictionary. In the classical system, the meaning-bearing part of the character is taken to be its radical. But since one usually wants looks up a character precisely to find its meaning, one is faced with the problem of knowing or guessing its meaning before one can find it in the dictionary. This presents, in extreme form, the same difficulty an ordinary dictionary poses: you need to know how to spell a word in order to find it to check its spelling. The problem is accentuated with those kanji that where simplified in the orthographic reforms following the Second World War so as to lose their meaning-bearing part (for example, @ E. The classical radical system still survives because, apart from ordinary conservativism, in most cases it is safe to assume that the meaning-bearing part of a kanji (its radical) is found on its left or top. Spahn & Hadamitzky (1989) elected to determine the radical of a charac the character's meaning but from its structure and the position of the "candidate radicals" within it. For example, if both the left part and right part of a kanji are listed in the radical table, the left part is chosen as the radical. Here are the priority rules for S&H according +

Rules for Determining the Radical of a Kanji (according to Spahn & Hadarnitzky): Position of the radical

Examples

0.

all of kanji = radical

1.

left

2.

right

3. 4.

up down

a

5. 6.

4* ibJ 8 $$ f i 4% 2% J@ 1s EL 4?87E&F,B!\ around

?I!%@%%% & % R K la

anywhere a)

only one

b)

greater stroke count

c)

leftmost extending

d)

7.

El $7

/

highest extending

nowhere (pseudo-radical Oa)

k & % E & @ El 4% fhi 52 8 33 @ 4% $1

tfr %

Having determined the radical of a kanji, the kanji can be found listed under that radical in the Index by Radicals (page 376). In this index, the radicals are listed in increasing order of stroke-count, and under each radical the kanji are listed in increasing order of residual stroke-count (the number of strokes in the lcanji, not counting the strokes in its radical). 3. Index by Stroke Count (page 386) If no reading of a character is known and it seems too troublesome to determine its radical, the character can be found in the Index by Stroke Count, which lists all the characters in this book in increasing order of stroke-count, sub-ordered by radical. Counting strokes re-

stroke-count of 6, even though its actual stroke-count is 5. Strokes of some radicals are counted differently in different kanji dictionaries. In the Index by Stroke Count, the following radicals are taken to have the following number of strokes: 32, 2, -?. 2, 4, IZ 7.

How to look up a multiple-character compound (jukugo) Both purely Japanese and Japanese-English character dictionaries list not only individual kanji but also compound words (jukugo) consisting of two or more kanji, along with their readings and meanings. In most dictionaries, however, a compound must be sought under its first character. The Japanese Character Dictionary (retitled The Kanji Dictionary in its later edition) and The Learner's Kanji Dictionary by Spahn &-Hadh-i?zkyYweie thz first-to list each jukugo under each of its constituent kanji, allowing the user to find a compound via a reading or radical of-its second;-third?or-fourth kanjii-even-when-theeompoundls-first-kanjiis unknown. In the dictionary volume of Kanji & Kana, compounds can be looked up either by their reading or by their meaning in English, thereby constituting a two-way dictionary of the words appearing in this book.

Here are some recommendations on how to study the 1,945units of the Joy8 Kanji list: 1. On the first reading, accentuate with a colored marker those readings and words which you already know. For the compounds, mark the kanji, not the romaji; try to get away as soon as possible from relying on the romanization, which after all is not even Japanese. The known readings and words will be used later in forming new words and meanings. 2. Write the kanji, first by itself, then as part of the compounds in which it occurs, until you can reproduce it readily from memory. In practicing writing, foreigners would be well advised to use, right from the beginning, either the printed manuscript paper which Japanese use, or the practice manuals that accompany this textbook. 3. Keep firmly in mind the association between the writing, readings, meanings, and comr Learn this information together as a single unit so that you do r example, the meaning of a kanji but not its readings. With many kanji you may find it possible to make up your own mnemonics. For example, the kanji oya, "parent" is composed of the kanji h ta(tsu), "stand"; $ ki, "tree"; and % nzi(ru), '?see, watch," so one can remenber this character by picturing an image of parents standing in a tree watching over their children at play. 4. On each repetition of a unit, learn at least one new reading or character combination and mark it (perhaps in a different color). 5. Test yourself on the writing, readings, and meanings of the characters you have learned. You can use a bookmark to cover up the part which is to be reproduced. Or make a selftesting card, with a notch or window positioned to expose only the desired part of the entry. 6. Using the computer program SUNRISE Script, you can listen to studiopronunciation by a native speaker for every reading of every kanji.

Explanation of the JcTycT Kanji List A sample entry from the Joy6 Kanji list appears below, with annotations explaining the arrangement and typography.

1. The kanji in brush form, with numbers showing stroke order positioned at the beginning of each stroke. 2. Number of the kanji in this book (in this case, 258) 3. Name of the radical (2j) of the kanji and descriptor (2j8.2) giving the kanji's location in Spahn & Hadamitzky's The Kanji Dictionary (1996) and The Learner's Kanji Dictionary (1997). 4. Up to three graphemes, according to the computer programs SUNRISE Kanji Dictionary and SUNRISE Script, with the number of the grapheme written beneath each grapheme (see the table of graphemes on pp. 52 and 53). The first grapheme is always the kanji's radical. When the kanji's radical is only a part of a grapheme in the kanji (as H is a part of W, in El), the first grapheme appears in parentheses (see K&K number 604). 5. The kanji in pen form. There are minor differences in style, stroke order, and even stroke count between the brush, pen, and printed forms of a number of kanji. 6. Variant of the kanji (usually an obsolete form) 7. Structure of the kanji according to the computer programs SUNRISE Kanji Dictionary and SUNRISE Script (for a list of the structures, see p. 45)

-

8. .Readings and meanings of the kanji, with on readings in capital letters, kun readings in -.-- ---- - - . lowercase italics, and okurigana in parentheses. Readings which are infrequent or used only m spectal cases are glven In brack-1 ott~c~ally recognized readings oi the kanjl are listed, plus as many of the most important meanings as space allows. As in the official Joy6 Kanji list, the first reading given is the one by which the kanji is alphabetized aiueo order); this .is usually the -kanji's most frequent- on reading. On readings are (in -. -- . . -. - - --- --

listed before kun readings, and within these divisions the more frequently used readings are given first. 9. Compounds, with romanization, meanings, and cross-reference numbers to the main entries for the other characters in the compound. Officially sanctioned ateji are listed among the compounds. Note that the readings of a kanji sometimes undergo slight modification when it is combined with other kanji to form a compound; examples here are the voicings hito -bito, &mi -bumi, and kokoro -gokoro. As with the individual kanji, because of space limitations, only the most important meanings of the compounds are listed.

-

-

-+

A few other conventions have been used to save space or enhance clarity. The abbreviations "tr." and "intr." indicate where necessary whether a Japanese verb is transitive (that is, can be used with the particle 8 o) or intransitive. Similar English meanings are separated by a comma, but meanings which differ more sharply are marked off by a semicolon: "gem, jewel; ball." Besides okurigana, parentheses enclose explanatory information and examples of usage. Parentheses also contain optional additions: "(sum) total" is short for "total, sum total"; and nyiimon(sh0) for nyiimon or- nyiimonsho. When additions appear on both the Japanese and English sides of an entry, there is correspondence between them: "(rddo)undo (labor) movement" is a condensed way of writing "undo movement" and "r6do undo labor movement." A parenthesized English preposition in the definition of a Japanese word corresponds to a Japanese particle (usually the particle CZ ni);compare "saga(su)look for" with "masu(ru)be superior (to)." The slash V] is used to save space by indicating alternative choices; thus, "comic book/ strip" is short for "comic book, comic strip"; jizenlgo forjizen and jigo; and su(mu1mau)for su(mu), su(mau). When needed, a hyphen is used in conjunction with the slash to make its scope clear: kigen-zenlgo is short for kigenzen and kigengo. When slashes appear on both the Japanese and English sides of an entry, they indicate one-to-one correspondence between the respective alternatives: "hoklnan-kyokunorth/south pole" indicates that hokkyoku means "north pole" and nankyoku means "south pole." The articles "a," "an," and "the" are used only when needed to clarify the meaning or connotation of an English definition, for example to indicate a noun which could otherwise be mistaken for a verb: "a jump," "a shout." Many Japanese words can also be used either as nouns or, by attaching a form of suru, as verbs. Wherever possible, this happy coincidence has been exploited by giving an English "noun-verb" as the equivalent of a Japanese nounverb: "henji reply." Where this is not possible, usually only the more common form is given.

The Joy6 Kanji List

1-7

1 JZN, NZN, hito - human being, man, person 2~10.1 [I] 7 9 '1 35 h Amerikajin an American 1 0 0 h hyakunin IOOpeople 1 5 , 6 h go-rokunin 5 or 6people 3 lb h ano hito that person, he, she A 4 = h 2 hitobito people

12

a

Oal.1 [I] A

1

-

ZCHZ, ZTSU, hito(tsu), hito- - one - e - 9 ichipzji 1 page; page 1 63 A 3 ringo hitotsu 1 apple - 3 3 hitotsu-hitotsu one by one, individual1 - A hitori I person; alone - h - h hitori-hitori one by one, one after another

-

-

3 . NZ, futa(tsu), futa- - two Oa2.1 [I] 1h futari, ninin 2 people h 1h hitorifutari 1 or 2 people 1h -d" 3 futarizutsu two by two, every two people 4 2 & futaritomo both people, both (of them) -h If :j futaketa 2 digits; 2-digit, double-digit d

d

-

4

-

SAN, mit(tsu), mi(tsu), mi- - three A- sannin 3 people -, rr. h ni-sannin 2 or 3 people = U sun kiro 3 kg; 3 km -3 = I? 5 L.i mitsuzoroi 3-piece suit - 9 2 9 futatsu mittsu 2 or 3

-

Oa3.1 E 3 Z

-

d

-

4

1

e

5 4~0.1

I 43

8

/

6 32.2

w1 0a4.27

NICHZ, JZTSU, hi, -ka - day; sun; (short for) Japan Ef ichinichi, ichijitsu 1 day tsuitachi 1st of the month - Ef futsuka 2 days; 2nd of the month = El- mikka 3 days; 3rd of the month -, rr. Ef ni-sannichi 2 or 3 days

-

SHZ, yot(tsu), yo(tsu), yo-, yon -four El !El A yonin 4 people !El Ef yokka 4 days; 4th of the month Z . !El Ef sun-yokka 3 or 4 days =, !El A fan-yonin 3 or 4 people !El 9 A 12 L.1 yotsunbaiL(on) all fours

1 1 2, 1 1 1

1 3.1 3 2 3 4 3,4 I 5 4.5 4,1

GO, itsu(tsu), itsu- -five 1 6: A gonin . 5 people 6: Ef itsuka 5 days; 5th of the month 5 !El, 6: Ef slzi-gonichi 4 or 5 days 6 5 m, 6:h shi-gonin 4 or 5 people = 4 6:4 sun-sun go-go in small groups, by twos and threes6,14

ROKU, mut(tsu), mu(tsu), mu-, [mui-] - six i f ; A rokunin 6 people X,i f ; A go-rokunin 5 or 6 people if; 0 muika 6 days; 6th of the month X, B go-rokunichi 5 or 6 days if; 9 (" 6 ba muttsu aurai about 6

'b

1 7, 1 5 7.5

SHZCHZ, nanattsu), nana, [nano-] - seven 1 -k A shichinin 7 people 5 nanoka 7 days; 7th of the month 1. IL nana mCtoru, shichi mCtoru 7 meters - Shichi-go-sun--festival iiay-for 3; 5;, and 7-yearolds (Nov. 15) 7,4

-

HACHI, yat(tsu), ya(tsu), ya-, [yZ-] - eight J\ hachinin 8 people 0 y6ka 8 days; 8th of the mon J\ < l) hachi miri 8 mm A 7 3 A hachi guramu 8 grams d3 \I 9 oyatsu afternoon snack

1 5

KYU, IYU, kokono(tsu), kokono- - nine h kyiinin, kunin 9 people h 0 kokonoka 9 days; 9th of the month h F.' Ib kyii doru 9 dollars h 7 11/ 3 kyii maruku 9 German mark h h kuku multiplication table

1 5

JO, J Z ~tii,, to- - ten +-Ah jiiniii lOpeopI~'------0 t6ka 10 days; 10th of the month Z t^ 0 hatsuka 20 days; 20th of the month t^ El jiiyokka 14 days; 14th of the month t' 0 jiihachinichi 18 days; 18th of the month

+

13

10.5

1 EN - circle; yen

maru(i) - round ichi en 1 yen ni en 2 yen sun en 3 yen yoen 4 yen L j2 en, r6 en 10 yen

-HYAKU - hundred-- -%&--hyakunin-100-peopl J\ Ei R happyaku en 800 yen h Ei kyohyaku 900 E Ei if; tZ i 0 sanbyaku rokujogonichi 365 da - -

- -- ---

-

-

-

--

-

--

--

SEN,chi - thousand

- 5-

issen 1,000

7-

3,000 8,000 sen en 1,000 yen sennin 1,000 people

2 4

5 5- sanzen A 7- hassen

5- A

10 13 1

MAN - ten thousand BAN - many, all

1 @ ( El ) getsuyb(bi) Monday @ El yabi day of the week

(Xu) (Tue.) Sept. 4th

SUI,rnizu - water 7fC @ (El) suiyii(bi) Wednesday i~~ bt) mizugame water jugljar 7fC -n. 3 mizukasa volume of water (of a river)

*

21

19,5 17.5

BOKU, MOKU, ki, [ko] - tree; wood

rfi @ ( El ) doyii(bi) Saturday rfi doboku civil engineering rfi h dojin native, aborigine k a) 3 don6 sandbag I

25

,

0a5.25 ,

I

41

I 26

7&

A

HON - book; origin; main; this; (counter for long, thin objects) mot0 -origin El $ (A)Nihonfjin),Nipponuin) (a) Japan(ese) 5 1 $ 1 honjitsu today 5 $ h honnin the said person, the person himself 1 k- )b % $ biru roppon 6 bottles of beer 8

-

DM, T M , B(kii), 5- -big, large B(i ni) - very much, greatly -large-amountofmoney-23;k 3 iikisa size k iimizu flooding, overflow 21 k &? Omisoka New Year's Eve k h otona adult 1

Oa3~18 8-A-&--taikin

*

~

SHO, chii(sai), ko-, o- - little, small /I\ h kobito dwarf, midget shiijin insignificant person; small-minded man shiinin child k /I\ daishii large and small; size /I\ & kogane small sum of money; small fortune

1 26 23

Fo, [FU] - wind; appearance, style kaze, [kaza] - wind El $ Nihon-fii Japanese-style fido natural features, climate $ chiibii, chiifi paralysis, palsy ? b: ia;l soyokaze gentle breeze

'

rn rn rn

U,ame, [ama] - rain f i i% jiiu wind and rain

k i%

6arne heavy rain, downpour i% kosame light rain, fine rain i% & amamizu rainwater 1: ;h & i% niwakaame sudden shower

5,25 24 28

29 26 27 21

KA, GE, shita, moto - lower, base shimo - lower part sa(geru), ~(rosu), kuda(su) -lower, hand down (a verdict) sa(garu)-hang down, fall o(riru)-get out of, get off (avehicle) kuda(ru) - go/come down kuda(saru)- give f; & gesui sewer system, drainage 21 f i f; kazashimo leeward side 29

(13) 14 2

32 JO,[SHOI,,ue -upper kami, [uwa-]-upper part a(geru) - raise nobo(ru)-rise nobo(seru), nobo(su)-bring up (a topic) 2m1.1 ~3 ~(garu), I7fC k suij6 on the water 21 k f; j6ge high and low, rise and fall; [volume] 1.2 31 13 1 k 0 f; 4 nobori-kudari ascent and descent, ups and downs 31

1 1 33

,

SEN, kawa -river Jl l k kawakami upstream 111 f; kawashimo downstream /J\ 1 ogawa stream, brook, creek :> > y I Mishishippi-gawa Mississippi River $ I Nakagawa (surname) 28

e-

34 300.1 w

36

&

1

35 I

SAN, yama - mountain lli& sansui landscape, natural scenery l.4 kazan volcano f; lb gezan descent from a mountain /J\ Lh koyama hill lli a yamayama mountains DEN, ta -rice field, paddy 7% ffl suiden rice paddy ffl Tanaka (surname) & ffl Honda (surname) l-4 ffl Yamada (surname) f; ffl Shimoda (city on Izu Peninsula)

21 20 31 27

21 28 25 34 31

hata, hatake - cultivated field !3l tahata fields 35 & 2 a X/ rnikan-batake mandarin orange/tangerine orchard

4d5.1 44 58

$03

TO, katana - sword, knife E3 $ 71 Nihon-tii Japanese sword k 71 daitii long sword shiitii short sword

n

f % 0 - jiibun no ichi one tenth, 10 percent

12,2

SETSU, [SAI], ki(ru) - cut ki(reru) - cut well; break off; run

ka

f i hitokire slice, piece 3 b k C$ kiriage conclusion; rounding up; revaluation ?I7; I$ kirisage reduction; devaluatioh

26 2 32 31

KOKU, kuni - coun -k-• -taikoku- largelgreat-country;major-p~wer 75 rn bankoku all countries, world & rn rokkakoku 6 countries [L9 Shikoku (one of the 4 main islands of Japan) rn Chiigoku China; (region in western Honshii)

26 16 8 6 28

taisetsu important; precious

a

JZ, tera - temple rn % Kokubunji (common temple name) 3 yarnadera mountain temple

40.38 34

- ,

- 4 t!3 2 0 5x p j i n i j i p p u n h 3 J 2 3 8 ichiji for a time; 1 o'clock &20 2 hitotoki, ittoki a while, moment @ 4 tokidoki sometimes El @ nichiji time, date, day and hour 5

4 ~ 6 . 2 [B.JE&-X-+l;).

-

'

H * T f 43 22 37

_

a+

1

-@

---

---- - -

-

--

KAN, KEN, aida - interval (between) ma - interval (between); a room @ R jikan time; hour q chiikan middle, intermediate h i?d ningen human being A % a momonaku presently, in a little while, soon

1

TO, a(teru), a(taru) -hit, be on target $ 3 hontd truth;really 3 @ tGji at present; at that time 3 %- tdbun for now, for a while 3 T teate allowance, compensation; medical -- h 3 ?C 4 hitoriatari per person, per capita

BUTSU, MOTSU, tnono - object, thing

.. -

GAI, GE, soto -outside hoka -other hazu(reru/su) -slip 0% miss 40, 1 f i (m) h gai(koku)jin foreigner 69,67 f i % % gairaigo word of foreign origin, loanword f i ffi gaishutsu go out 53 46 g$ igai besides, except (for)

u

84--- NA;I;[M];uchi-inside

' ,, , If]1

-

---

Ba4.23-Gl -a-8-kokunai--dornestic;intemal I&! tainai inside the body f i naigai inner and outer. domestic and foreign 3 20 $ 1: nennai ni before the year is out K ichinen inai ni within a year -$ --

-

--

-

--

--

--

-

40

61 83 45 2,45,46 -

92 - 98

atsEiEEi i n v e n t i o n -

Ff3 & d,\ % $ d,t fi &

chashin shinshin honshin naishin

center, midpoint body and mindlspirit one's real mind; real intention one's inmost heart, true intent

nic, cancer-causing

101

DAN, NAN, otoko - man, human male % 'k dansei man; masculine gender 5 chdnan eldest son % a) h otoko no hito man lh % yamaotoko mountain dweller; mountaineer A % dotoko giant, tall man

98 95 1 34 26

JO, NYO, [NYO], onna - woman me - feminine k 'kjosei woman; feminine gender k chdjo eldest daughter % k danjo men and women k jocha maid k 07 h onna no hito woman

98 95 101 28 1

;I

SHZ, SU, ko - child % 5 danshi boy, man % a ) F otokonoko boy k F joshi girl, woman k a) 7 onnanoko girl %' 3 bunshi molecule; numerator of a fraction KO, kono(mu), su(ku) - like ?8@ kdbutsu favorite food ?8 h % kdjinbutsu good-natured person $!I ?@ 3 monozuki idle curiosity 43 8 daisuki like very much 47 3 43 3 sukizuki matter of individual preference

105 3m3.1

AN - peace, peacefulness yasu(i) - cheap E % &\ anshin feel relieved/reassured % 2 anzen safety Tf; $? jifiran unease, anxiety, fear % meyasu standard, yardstick % % yasumono cheap goods

79 1,79 79 26

97 89

94 55 79

GAlYU - science, study mana(bu)- learn k 9 daigaku university, college % gakubu academic department; faculty % nyiigaku entry/adrnission into a school % & gakusei student -% 9 gogaku linguistics

1 10

JZ - character, letter aza - village section

if: kokklljii--nTtion;?I/Japanese script

3-%Z;l-E3

ateji kanji used phoneticallylfor meaning U 7 if: r6maji roman letters if: ## jitai form of a character, type font 9 jiiji a cross

.-- ;J 33 6

I111 +

$

32.4 _L.

El

-I-

11 12

/2 -

112-

'

-

BUN, MON - literature, text, senterice fumi - letter, note 2 if: moji, monji letter, character % bungaku literature $ 2 honbun, honmon text, wording 2 % bbugo the written language 2 BI] bunmei civilization BiO;hithh -mofh e-r-

- --

-

25 2

-

---

-$I

--

-

4 f9 seibo one's biological mother f9 8 % bokokugo one's mother tongue @ k hahakata maternal, on the mother's side $5 f9 3 A okdsan mother --

- -

-

-

61 12 110 109 25 67 18

.

0a-536-Ll +54oshi-mether-md-ehild

I

40 77

i!$ 7

--

103- -

44 40.67 70 -

-

FU, chichi - father X @ fibo, chichihaha father and mother X 3-fishi father and child/son X f? chichikata paternal, on the father's side X k chichiue father k; X 3 : ! otbsan father

112 103 70 32

KO -intersection; coming and going ma~iruIz(~ru)-(intr.) mix maji(eru), ma(zeru) - (tr.) mix majitwaru), ka(u) - associate (with) ka(wasu) - exchange (greetings) ?C kokkb diplomatic relations 40 @ ?C gaikb foreign policy, diplomacy 83 'k2 seikb sexual intercourse 98

KC)- school; (printing) proof % $? akkb school

d

/j\ % shbgakkb element, school $ % $? chiigakkb junior high school @ @ bokb alma mater $? kiichb principal, headmaster

MAZ - every, each mainen, maitoshi every year, yearly, annual @ maigetsu, maitsuki every month, monthly @ @ %! maishii every week, weekly @ El mainichi every day, daily @ @ maiji every hour, hourly, per hour

,

117 3a6.20 R r

$1

,

@

KAI,umi - sea, ocean 3$ taikai an ocean % k kaij6 ocean, seagoing, marine % f i kaigai overseas, abroad F$ % uchiumi, naikai inland sea El $ % Nihonkai Sea of Japan CHI, JZ - earth, land k tochi land, soil chika underground, subterranean f? chihb region, area % chimei place name Lk kkiji material, cloth

a

a

21 12 2

& Ee Ikeda

(surname)

109 27,109 28,109 112 95

120 - 126 tanin another person; stranger takoku another/foreign country tahd the other side/party/direction oneself and others

SHZ, watakushi- I; private $L @ shiji personal affairs $L :L\ shibutsu private properity $L il, shiyd private use $L 2 shiritsu private, privately supported $L $ $4' watakushi jishin personally, as for me *

.,

-202;2-H--4?2 ' -

.. 1

nbtkpeacei'semrity-105-

& .& z u b l i c law k ! 2 kdritsu public & ?& kdkai iGternationa1 waters

kdgen public declaration, avowal

1

-

123 121 117

4a4.1

44

RZN, hayashi - woods, forest h @ sanrin mountains and forests; mountain forest (h)@ % (san)ringaku forestry @ 2 rinrirsu stand close together in large numbers @ Kobayashi (surname)

34 34,109 121 27

SHIN, mori - woods, forest % @ shinrin woods, forest k % Omori (area of TGkyG)

@

shomotsu book bunsho, monjo (in) writing, document @ $5 shomei book title #@ I $ maegaki foreword, preface @ $ @! 4 kakitori dictation

79 111 82 47 65

I - will, heart, mind, thought; meaning, sense % !?, iken opinion 3% yiii preparations, readiness kf- % kiii goodwill, good wishes, kindness % f l igai unexpected, surprising 7f; % fui sudden, unexpected

63 107 104 83 94

2@

I':

SHA, kurrtma - vehicle; wheel % % densha electric train h ?I% jinrikisha rickshaw % % hassha departure 7; % gesha get off (a train) 7k % suisha waterwheel

108 1,100 96 31 21

TEN, arne, [arna] - heaven

RZ - reason, logic, principle

ter of education

,!f. f!.

shisii idea, thought

% kaisii retrospection, reminiscense $!% i! risii an ideal $ % kksii fantasy, daydream tb L.\ % meis0 meditation 93

SHU, kubi - neck, head

il

shush6 prime minister genshu sovereign, ruler g fii shui leading position, top spot ?iffS f bushu radical of a kanji g tekubi wrist

DO,PO], michi - street, way, path % kokud6 national highway

146 137 122 86 57 40

21 7fC 3 suid6 water conduits, running water ?@ % Hokkaidii (northernmost . - of the 4 main 73,117 @ % shod6 calligraphy @iands of pan) 131 IEI L) % mawarimichi a detour 90

,, * 150

2q7.18

_.

1 15 1

,

7d6.5

& k0 70 49 24

I

$ 152 1

TSO, PSU~, ta(ru) -go through, pass t ~ i s u -) let kayoiu) - commute 2 f k6tsii traffic, transportati f bun, correspondent, f % tsiigaku attend school It f L mit6shi prospects, outlook RO, -ji- street, way % % d6ro street, road r f - B$ jiijiro intersection, crossroads % suiro waterway, aqueduct 8ij % kairo sea route % % tsiiro passageway, walkway, aisle

*+

63

149 12,110 21 -117 150

KO, to-door -- P % T kogai de outdoors, in theopen air f; geko nondrinker, teetotaler

----

SHO, tokoro - place % ljil % annaijo in , information desk 106,84 $5 % meisho noted 82 % E shoch6 director, head, manager 95 E % ch6sho strong point, merit, advantage 95 % % genshiryoku harsudensho nuclear power plant

B&

jhsho an address

%I h jonin inhabitant, resident

2 fk anjh peaceful living @ d L1 sumai residence, where one lives, address 6k 4 d\ % sumigokochi comfortableness, livability

153 1

105 97,118

SHIN - faith, trust, belief

% kait0 an answer, reply % kcit0 oral answer @ % hittci written answer $5 $$ meit0 correct answer $$ % t0an examination paper

/

161

1 MON, kado - gate

I

MON,to(i), [ton]-question, problem to(u) -matter, care about

BUY

mondii questions and answers, dialogue

4 Bu~ gakumon learning, science Ba'3 ba ;h -& b toiawaseru inquire, ask BmY ba f: 72 toitadasu inquire, question

KA, KEJ ie, ya - house; family

anushi landlord house owner

bunshitsu isolated room; annex

head office, main shop

understanding; consent

176 7M.7

%

SHZTSU - quality, nature SHZCHZ, [CWI] - hostage; pawn % p6J shitsumon a question 162 98 'B % seishitsu nature, property % % busshitsu matter, material, substance 79 & g honshitsrr essence, substance 25 h % hitojichi hostage 1

SHUKU,yado-lodging, inn yado

7; 4% geshuku room and board; boardinghouse

4%

E 4%

yadoya inn minshuku private house pro

SHZ, kami - paper -@ $f washi Japanese paper El & $& Nihonshi Japanese paper $% li$& shinbunshi newspaper; newsprint g Po7 $& shitsumon ydshi questionnaire F $& tegami letter

181 213.1

SHZ - city, town; market ichi - market 8 shichd mayor 8 $? shikai municipal assembly, city council 8 shiritsu municipal 8 shimin citizen, townspeople 8 % ichiba, shy6 marketplace, market

CHO-even number; (counter for blocks of houses/blocks of tofu/ gunsldishes of prepared food) TEZ-D, No. 4 (in a series); adult; T shape - 7- H itchame city block no. 1 (in addresses) 2,55 $ teinen (age of) majority, adulthood 45 7- $ fE$ teiiiro T-sha~edstreet intersection 110,151

h?~ % kyokuban exchange (part of a phone number)

2%

kaban police box

2 3.55 118 170 114

G M , [KAZ],maclri - street

% fE$ gairo street % kaida street, highway $7 % shigai the streets (of a city); town $5 J& % meitengai arcade of well-known stores 7; chikagai underground shopping mall

151 149 181 82,168 118,31

JUTSU - art, technique, means, conjury % % shujutsu (surgical) operation 57 % Z?i shujutsushirsu operating room 57,166 % 8f gakujutsu science, learning 109 ( f ) %fi (H) 3 (gaku)jutsu (y6)go technical term, terminology 109, 107,67 TO, TSU, miyako - capital (city) 26,181 158 148 159

KYO,KEZ - the capital % % ($B) Takyaf-to) (City of) T6ky6 %C $I5 (?h) Kyoto(-shi) (City of) Ky6to

k%

j6kyLT go/come to T6ky6

Ad % Pekin Peking, Beijing % % Nankin Nanking

I 71,188 188,181 32 73 74

FU, tsu(ku) - be attached, belong (to) tsu(keru) -

2 If k6fi deliver hand o El I$ hizuke k i$ if( kizuku i$ b !& tsukimo

GUN - county, district % % gunbu ruraldistrict % Si % Nitta-gun Nitta District (in Gunma Prefecture)

174,35

7 39 24

194 3ii6.3 -

1 35 55

% 1 #%

86

KEN - prefecture, !#-% @ken ai @ 2 kenritsu prefectural, provincial @ 3 kendd prefectural highway @ & kenkai prefectural assembly lli Yamaguchi-ken Yamaguchi Prefecture

- -- --

193 121 149 158 34.54

SHU - state, province su - sandbank, shoals 25 $ $11 Honshii (largest of the 4 main islands of Japan) 11 h $11 Kyiishii (one of the 4 main islands of Japan) rl 75 11 7 $1L 3 7 $11 Kariforunia-shii (State of) California 16 5 $H godaisha the 5 continents (MiAfrica, , Europe, 7,26 $ nakasu sandbank in a river h e r i c a , and Auslralia) 28 - 1 9 6 - - - i w c 3 - t -, omo --t o g e t h e T ; b O t h ~ l ~ --3k3.3-€3 ~ c ? g a k * - e e e d u e a t i o ~ 109--H- # 3 kydtsii in common, shared 150 107 # Fa kydyd common, shared 32 16 1 # kdkyc? the public, community 126 124,40 #% @lI kydwakoku republic

195

2f4.1

44.1

I

#/

--

m

- --

- -

-

-

.-

--

-

-

198 2r4.2

[151

-

fi 199 3d3.10

1

0 r] 24 20

1Ld7 I

202

-

35 4

q 203 3m5.4 E ~ 1 _ _1 5;.

-

d

33 34

1

$I

42 196 159 132 171

KO, mu(kau) - face (toward); proceed (to) mu(ke mu(ku) - (intr.) turn mu(k8) - opposite side 3 $I h6k6 direction lij] k kOjO elevation, betterment % $I ik6 intention, inclination %A paiiinrnuke for foreigners

83.1

n

2k3.4 1.

DO, onaGi) - same FJ@ CZ d6ji ni at the same time, simultaneously #k H ky6d6 joint, communal, cooperative $ H i p6d6 combination, merger, joint H % d6i agreement, consent d6kyo live in the same house, live together

HEZ, BYO, tai(ra), hira -flat, level F f? heik6 parallel F %3 heiwa peace 7f; F fuhei discontent, complaint 9& Heike (historical clan name) t %. hiraya 1-story house

68 124 94 165 165,167

JZTSU - truth, actuality mi - fruit, nut mino(ru) - bear fruit 3 % jijitsu fact % k6jitsu pretext, excuse % j? jikk6 put into practice, carry out, realize % ?7 jitsuryoku actual ability, competence % RJ jitsuy6 practical use 107

-

2-lo----TEKI -(LttribiitiVe scffix)

--

-.-

-

Wfo-target

5-5--2,42 177,155 143,147 62,96

.4c4-12-H-B-&-mokuteki-purpos&mrgod r

@ I E Zk i%

43 1s 2

L

-

b?

1

-

ichijiteki temporary minshuteki democratic @! % i% risoteki ideal g % i% jihatsuteki voluntary, spontaneous

a

-

-

- - --

-

-

- --

--

-

211 217

21 1 Y M U - approximately; promise 6a3.7 D l & ! i% k6yaku public commitment 126 17 %J k6yaku verbal promise 54 P 1 J!$ 5 u yaku sankiro approximately 3 kmtkg 4 $9 % yaku hanbun approximately half 5agement 88,38 % i% (d'85 h ) senJyaku(go aru) (have a) previous en- 50

$9 1

213 Oa5.19 El

#Yo, yumi - bow (for archerytviolin) G $$? kynjutsu (Japanese) archery G b a d 6 (Japanese) archery

187 149

SHZ,ya-arrow ?I E ! yumiya bow and arrow

212

CHI, shi(ru) - know %I tsnchi a notification, communication I@ %I shnchi common knowledge, generally known %I % chiji governor (of a prefecture) %I h chijin an acquaintance %I ?I & b b shiriai an acquaintance

150 91 80 1 159

TAN, mijika(i) - short % chatan (relative) length; good and bad points % fin rant6 short sword, dagger % 3 tanki short temper, touchiness, hastiness % % tansho defect, shortcoming % A tandai junior college (cf. No. 449)

95 37 134 153 26

h P

34 15

2 15 3d9.27 P

24 34

2 16

'

3hl.l 28 2

511

IN, hi(ku) - pull; attract hi(keru) - be ended; mak 3 1 fi inryoku attraction, gravitation 3 1 H in'y6 quotation, citation 31 $3 I% ,.l hikidashi drawer flR ?I 3 1 $3 torihiki transaction, trade 3 1 k by hikiage raise. increase

32

KYO, G 4 tsuyo(i) - strong tsuyo(maru)- become strong(er) tsuyo(meru)- make strong(er), strengthen shi(iru) -force $8 f i kyljryoku strength, power 100 $& kyakoku strong country, great power 40 1' % gdj0 stubbomess, obstinacy 209 $& 5 1 : C gain ni by force 216

z&

J A W Jyowa(i) - weak(er) yowa(ru), yowa(maru) -become weak(er) yowa(meru) - make weak(er), weake %'&$5 ky6jaku strengths and weaknesses, stre $5 ,6 jakuten a weakness, weak point $5 $$ jakutai weak $?J 5% yowaki faintheartedness; bearishness (

Z - medicine, healing E % igaku medicine E%% ! igakubu medical department/school E % % igaku y5go medical term % isha physician, doctor & E joi woman physician, lady doctor

ZOKU - family, tribe

221 x r-

$k

109 109,86 109,107,67 164 102

% % shinzoku relative, kin

-% B3 $& a%

ichizoku one's whole family, kin buzoku tribe rninzoku race, people, nation --

165 175 2 86 177

RYO,tabi - trip, trave fiiIE-j~--voatrip; travel- - % j? % ryokasha traveler, tourist % h tabibito traveler, wayfarer % % tabisaki destination ?$2 9 tabidatsu start on a journey

223 2a4.20

I

68 68,164 1 50 121

NZKU - meat, flesh

1 I@

nikuya butcher (shop) I@ $$ nikutai the body, the flesh I@ % nikushin blood relationship/relative I@ {rf b k. La nikuzuki no yoi well-fleshed, plump I@ @ nikuhitsu one's own handwriting; autograph

167 61 175 192 130

% $ shinmai new rice; novice

f i 8 gaimai

8

imported rice

Nichi-Bei Japan and America, Japanese-U.S. T% $ Nanbei South America

74

1 I

1

225

] SO, [SU], kazu - number

kazo(eru)

% 3 siiji digit, numeral, figures ! % % siipku mathematics !5 A % ninzii number of people $%! %k musii countless, innumerable -- - , 3[ &k tesii trouble, bother 226 RUZ - kind, type, genus

1

- count

-

110 109 1 93 57

@ shinrui relative, kin

A @ iinrui

mankind

!1 % %iruigo

synonym

:

67

JU, CHO,omo(0-heavy

kasa(naru)-lie on top of one another kasa(neru) -pile on top of one another -e - -fold, -ply 61 100

@ @ shurui kind, type, sort - ?% isshu kind, sort

229 Oa6.5

$

3

TA, C(i) - much, many, numerous & 9 tashii much or little, many or few; some & % tasii large number (of); majority A & &k daitasii the overwhelming majority & % l%J tagenteki pluralistic %& kazuiiku many, great number (of)

% ko no ha tree leaves, foliage f Chiba (prefecture east of TOky6)

1;!, 7 * 1 -

254

2a2.6

4 13

1

m

131 208 66 22 15

*

KA, KE,ba(keru)- turn oneself (into) ba(kasu) - bewitch {f: bunka culture 111 If: % kagaku chemistry $& {f: kydka strengthening -&3i? if: gdrika rationalization, streamlining It lhl bakemono spook, ghost, monster KA, hana -flower, blossom

*

% h koibito boyfriend, girlfriend, lover

g

% %

d

b

koibun~i love letter koigokoro (awakening of) love 5 th % michi naranu koi forbidden love

patriotic sentiment, patriotism

1 111 97 149 258 209 40,97 244 147

260 - 266

kokuyli state-owned shiya privately owned

-

- --

-

-

--

-

.-

-

--

267 2f5.3

ua

P-

16 24

Xlj /

BETSU - different, separate; another, special waka(reru)- diverge, part, bid farewell 811 kubetsu difference, distinction %' 811 finbetxu discretion, good judgment 811 betsujin different person 1 bekkyo (legal) separation; live separately

83 38 1 171

268

ZAI - outskirts, country; be located a(ru) - be, exist 3b3.8 Ii3 f!Jf $5 % shozaichi i (prefectural) capital, (county) seat; 153, 118 zainichi (stationed) in Japan &cation 5 -+- 1 $5 $5 % zaigai overseas, abroad 83 22 12 2 7f; $5 fuzai absence 94

*

Bi

I

269 2~3.1

;f.

-I-

12

ft 1

I

SON, ZON - exist; know, believe ?-% $5 sonzai existence & @ seizon existence, life 8 d% sonzoku continuance, duration % kyCson, kyc?zon coexistence 8 f K zonbun ni as much as one likes, freely BAKU, mugi - wheat, barley, rye, oats komugi wheat k 2 0mugi barley g %M mugibatake wheat field $? ;b 6 mugiwara (wheat) straw 2 % mugicha wheat tea, barley wa

25 1

SO -element; beginning SU - naked, uncovered, simple % soshitsu nature, makeup % shisso simple, plain n % genso chemical element 7fC % suiso hydrogen % A shir0to amateur, layman

176 176 137 21 1

z

272 Oa8.6

38 27 26 36

HYO -table, chart; surface; expression omote -surface, obverse amwa(reru) -be expressed arawa(su)- express, manifest @ % jikanhy0 timetable, schedule 42,43 % i%daihycteki representative, typical 256,210 % '1% hy0j0 facial expression 209 % % happy0 announcement, publication 96

RI, ura - reverse side, back, rear % @ hy0ri inside and outside; double-dealing

& U uraguchi back door, rear entrance & uramichi back street; secret path @ Irf if urazuke backing, support; corroboration i@b uragiru betray, double-cross

272 54 149 192 39

,

-

274

.

3~6.1 H

{k

61

275

SEZ, SHO, tada(shii) - correct, just tada(su) - co masa (ni) -just, exactly; certainly

2rn3.3

@iE

I-

32

(13) 38

MEN - face, mask, surface, aspect omote, omo, tsura - face 3 @ hOmen direction, side 70 b @ hyOmen surface, exterior 272 158 @ 5% menkai interview, meeting @ f4 menmoku, menboku face, honor, dignity 55

1

LI

TiE iE@

Ea

276 TO, PO], ZU,atama, hwshira -head, leader, top 9a7.6 81 $& @ (8) kOtO(bu) back of the head 48.86 tfj % shutt6 appearance, attendance, presence (at official 53 li % @ senm (in the) front, lead zroceedig) 50 77 24 16 % kOtO oral, verbal 54 H 1 zuj6 overhead 32 J,,

as 1

SAN-chiidbirth, production; property u(mrq)-give birth/rise to ru) - be-born-ubu- birthpinfant shussan childbirth, delivery seisan production

-

waza act, deed, work, art

1% kOgy6 industry @ % sangyli industry @ % l g y d undertaking, enterprise % % % jitsugyOka businessman, industrialist

139 278 80 203,165

I

- -

..-

280

.mNrinuTdo g--.p 3e0.161 - % L k - b a n k e ~ t c h d o g 9% A aiken petlfavorite dog i5 % yaken stray dog 27 A koinu puppy A /J\ @ inugoya doghouse

-

--

-.

585-259 236 27 27,167

281

v- 4

4g0.1

GYD,ushi - cow, bull, cattle

q q I@gyiiniku

beef yagyii buffalo, bison 7fC q suigyii water buffalo q,7- q koushi calf q dl ushigoya cowshed, barn

!@

47

1

282

TOKU - special

EKI - (train) station

% genmd raw wool % i$% mbhitsu brush (for writingtpainting)

223 236 21 27,103 27,167

GYOKU, tama - gem, jewel; sphere, ball 3 6 gyokuseki wheat and chaff, good and bad 3 F tamago egg (cf. No. 1058) & 3 mizutama drop of water E 3 medama eyeball 3 jiiendama 10-yen piecelcoin HO, takara - treasure % 6 h6seki precious stone, gem d 3 h6gyoku precious stone, gem % kokuhd national treasure % % kah6 family heirloom % @h6motsu, I takaramono treasure, prized possession

2& 42 298 47.3

78 295 40 165 79

k6i imperial throne

GEN - present arawa(reru)- appear arawa(su)% 1-t gendai contemporary, modem % ?5 genzai current, present; present tense ?% & genkin cash % % hy6gen an expression % % jitsugen realize, attain; come true

256 268 23 272 203

SEN - h e % % k6sen light, light ray I8 % naisen (telephone) extension % % musen wireless, radio Z: ;fE/: % nibansen Track No. 2 %i%! chiheisen horizon TAN - single, simple % % tango word % 12 tan'i unit, denomination 1/5. -- tan'itsu single, simple, individual .@ % tanslz singular (in grammar) % tandoku independent, single-handed SEN, tataka(u) -wage war, fight ikusa - war, battle F'l 4% naisen civil war 2 4% k6sen war, warfare 6 @, kassen battle; contest % 4% kyrisen truce, cease-fire 4% ?d sengo postwar

84 114 159 60 48

AKU, 0, waru(i) -bad, ev % 1L akka change for the worse % 'kk akusei malignant, vicious %$ % akuji evil deed 8%% saiaku the worst, at worst % El akk6, warukuchi abusive language, speaking ill of

305 0a5.26

306 Oa5.27 41

1

*

MATSU, BATSU, sue -end B shiimatsu weekend 4 $? getsumatsu end of the month $ $ nenmatsu year's end it matsudai all ages to come, eternity - 9 7 suekko youngest child

** *

92 17 45 256 103

'

MI - not yet -#-mi1-aj-future % %michi I unknown 8fj it % zendai-mimon unprecedented 5k $6 miman less than, under % mimei early dawn, before daybreak

254 98 80 263 54

--

69-- 214 47,256,64 201 18

SHIN, JZN, kami, [kan], [k8] - god, God 8 3 shinti7 Shintoism

i&

3 tetsudi7 railroad %% chikatetsu subway F1\% shitetsu private railway

$% $ S 2 tetsukabuto steel helmet

I

I

/ FU - woman, wife [B 3 frfu husband and wife, married couple & shufu housewife fr arp I\. fujin lady, woman 25 39 26 -k (T) fuj,(shi) woman 316

'9

3.8.6

a

!.., 3% . 1,

%$?j5

1

315 155 1 102,103 95

fuchd head nurse

317

KT, kae(ru) - return kae(su) - let return, dismiss 11 !$ kikoku return to one's country rn j$ % kitaku return/come/get home 3 'P 39 & !$ &$ kiro the way home - - @ ! i L kika LYecome naturalized El j$ h higaeri go and return in a day

2fS.8 'J

16

q$'

I$$

40 178 151 - 254 5

-

branch; support sasa(eru) - support shishutsu expenditure, disbursement 2 shisha branc'h (ofice) @ shiten branch officelstore shibu branch, local chapter -k :d4 shiryn tributary (of a river)

53

n

168 247

RYO - materials; fee #rydri cooking, cuisine; dish, food #- genryd raw materials #- 62 rydkin fee, charge, fare % $% $! tesiiryd fee; commission g/%#- yylilmuryd pay, toll, charging a feelfree

luA - academic course, department, faculty *# +A kagaku -s2i~nz-e--@ $# rika natural sciences (de~artment)

1

/

'

I & 4# 8

143 136 23 57,225 265,93 -.

kydkasho" iextbook:scho

322--- - ~~~~~,-[~Z~Z]---food;-eatin~-ta(beru)~ku(u)ku(rau)=

8bS).1-C1 ~ & s h o k u j h e a l , d i n n e r 2% #- I% shokurydhin food, foodstuffs 2! $U/% 2% walydshoku Japanese~Westernfood 73 4 2% iishoku evening meal, supper 2% 4 tubemono food --

--

- ---

1 0 9 143

--

1

gn

319,230 124,289 81 79

P

-. -

--- -

-

--

--

--

KAN - government, authorities q frp hankan-hanmin semigovernmental %$ % kokumu chdkan secretary of state % 9frp gaikdkan diplomat $ frp i kdkan high government official/office @ frp shinkan Shinto priest

a

66 33

329

'

5d2.1 " 56 16 $11

1

88, 177 40,235,95 83,114 190 310

KAN - pipe; wind instrument; control kuda -pipe, @@ kannai I (area of) jurisdiction % ?% kanri administration, supervision 3 % suiddkan water pipe/conduit %, kikan wind pipe, trachea $k % tekkan iron tubelpipe

*

RZ- advantage; (loan) interest ki(ku) - take effect, work CO %' U $ yori profitable, advantageous $I] rishi interest (on a loan) Il H riyd make use of U $ A rikd smart, clever, bright $l $5 hidarikiki left-hander

84 43 49 34 312 265 103 107 54 75

-

RYORCTZKl, k&(meru? - carry to its end kiwa(maru)- reach its end kyokutci: the Far East

$3 hoklnankyoku north/south pole fiE $3 & b mikiwameru see through, discern 4% k gokujci: finest, top quality

63 71

337 KU - phrase, sentence, verse 3d2-13 I3 ij@ goku words and phrases fjfi; @ seiku set phrase, idiom 0 '% @ monku words, expression; objection 24 @3 kutgdten punctuation mark 5 1 al @ inlygdku quotation

,a

91

338

4~2.5

fl

'-

43

67 26 1 111 244,169 216,107

JUN - 10-day period 1'@ jojun first 10 days of a month (1st to 10th) EP '@ chajun second 10 days of a month (11th to 20th) 7; '@ gejun last third of a month (21th to end)

32 28 31

@I 339 3~4.3

+ 24 12

11

ZU - drawing, diagram, plan TO, haka(ru) -plan

ftt I -& % l2l 2.

chizu map zuhygd chart, table, graph aizu signal, sign, gesture f ito intention Z& @! toshokan library

118 272 159 132 131,327

340

KEZ - measuring; plan; total haka(ru) - measure, compute haka(rau)- arrange, dispose of, see about rn -r I@ zt tokei clock, watch 42 fi .iL% 67 12 zx D? kaikei accouriting; paying a bill 158 -& st ggdkei total 159 8 8 kakei household finances 165 341 SHIN, han -needle 8a2.3 ffl ?$t i hgdshin course, line, policy $t/% shinro course (of a ship) $t,9 $f chgdshin,finshin minute hand 72 12 % $t tanshin hour hand $f $t$2 harigane wire 7a2.1

$t1

CHO, shira(beru)- investigate, check totono(eru)- prepare, arrange, put in order totono(u) - be prepared, arranged t i ?$! kygdchgd cooperation, harmony 234 $? 3 kachgd good, favorable 104 3 choshi tone; mood; condition 103 @ 4 ?$! 4 torishirube investigation, questioning 65

GA -picture KAKU - stroke (in writing kanji) i@ 8 gaka painter Tainting 165 $fi$ i@ Nihodygdga Japanesernestem-style 5,25,289 i@ $i gaygdshi % drawing paper 107,180 i@ i@ gamen (TV/computer/movie) screen 274 & i@ keikaku plan, project 340

EN

- performance, play, presentation

KYU - supply $2 & kynry6 4 a $2 gekkyii R $2 shikyfi % kyokyr $2 7k kyrsui

346

&A, ,, h6.7

,

,

pay, w monthly supply, supply P water supply

ON, IN, oto, ne - sound % 5% hatsuon pronunciation % %f2 9 hyaon moji phonetic symbol 5% boin vowel $ 'i;: honne one's true intentjo~ 5% ashioto sound of footsteps

a a

I

348 AN, kura(i) - dark, dim -- -.--- --4 ~ 9 . 2 CB @ %-- ankoku darkness g 43 54

8%

1

@ ?& anshitsu darkroom @ % angd (secret) code, cipher @ meian light and darkness, shading @ d' !I kwagari darkness

21 96 272,111,110 112 2s 58 206 166 266 18

& & &% %& d

b

iR CHO - note, comment soso(gu) - pour, flow 'ii:& chni attention, caution, warning 5k

-

357

3a5.16

*

Eil I ?& ?&

21 46 2

:z

kettei decision, determination kesshin determination, resolution ketsui determination, resolution giketsu decision (of a committee) rniketsu pending

charnoku attention, notice clznrnon order, commission % ?& hatchti order, commission ?&A chz7nya injection; pour into, infuse

2 5 1 6 52

358 - 36.6

--zchzdan -.--- -- .--step; smgle-stage

365 2j5.5

81

--- TI- +37 12

$3 1 $$! 1

TAZ- against TSUZ -pair LZ $$ hantai opposite; opposition $$ 2 tairitsu confrontation $$ '& taiketsu showdown $$ @ taimen interview, meeting $$ % taiwa conversation, dialogue HOKU-curve; melody, musical composition ma(geru)-bend, distort ma(garu) - (intr.) bend, turn 4% @3 sakkyoku musical composition 360 $5 @i meikyoku famous/well-known melody 82 @i $9 kyokusen a curve 299 @i ffl 75' % magarimichi winding street 149 TEN - law code; ceremony & koten classical literature, the classics i ! i$$ f & hyakka jiten encyclopedia $& & hkten code of laws Lh & shutten literary source, authority $? & tokuten special favor, privilege

172 14,320,80 123 53 282

KO, KYO - interest; entertainment; liveliness; prosperity oko(ru)

-

flourish, prosper oko(su) - revive, retrieve !@ f? kligyk entertainment, industry; performance

!% % kkgyb industrial enterprise !% Ek kykmi interest

!@ @ % kkshinjo private inquiry/detective agency

KO, KZ, onore -self chfishin egocentric

$U fif I% rikoteki selfish, self-centered %ISfi chiki acquaintance

- writelnote down

68 279 307 157, 153

372

KZ - narrative, history & 3 kigen era (of year reckoning) % , @i/% kigenzenlgo B.C.1A.C. &! seiki century

6113.5

?,

137 137,47,48 252 68,111 29

& 47 (2) kik6(bun) account of a journey & friki discipline, public morals

fit 1

KZ - awakening, rise, beginning o(kiru) - get/wake/be up o(koru) - occur o(kosu) - give rise to; wake (someone) up @ @ kigen origin, beginning 136 @ ,& kiten starting point 169 --% $3$3 hayaoki get up early 248 @ 3 k 15' b okiagaru get up, pick oneself up 32

I

375 3i4.2

j

17 J

29 20

4% 1

376

SEN,fune, yuna] - ship

G5;4--[B !3 4:

1

3q6.1 3t-

,8 32

1

J

153 1 163 164 33 1 95- -163 166 135 222

Fff aR

{k a i$ a

377

,J-

Y M U - service, use; office, post EKZ - battle; service $2 yakusho government office/bureau $2A yakunin public official yakuin (company) officer, director f2 2 yakusha player, actor -% @ shieki employment, service sej"hz ca*K sen'in crewman, seaman, sailor Zz senshitsu cabin @ kisen steamship, steamer fik funatabi sea voyage

DO,PAIYU],PO]- degree, measure, limit; times tabi- times - @ ichido once; 1 degree (of temperature) 2 @ kondo this time; soon; next time 51 $ @ nendo business/fiscal year 45 i% @ & Fff k6do seich8 high growth 190,261,95 I 3 @. @ shitoku preparations 318,333 1

% @ 9 tewatasu hand deliver, hand over -

-

--

--

--

-

--- -

53 201 292 155 32

& @ shuseki top seat, head, chief

@ k sekijb (at) the meeting; (on) the occasion

380 55.3

BYO, [HEII, ya(mu) - fall ill, suffer from yamai b7 @ % bybki sickness, disease

- illness

% % jkyiibyb serious illness

sudden illness ,-- n &.'k%% kykyiibyb seibyb venereal disease 14 20

1 38 1

@ h bybnin sick person

/

i

4k13.5 03 ,a,8

B

134 227 303 98 1

OKU - remember. think Si?'B kioku memory, recollection 'B % okubyb cowardice, timidity

OKU - 100 million 2a13.6 03 - {& ichioku 100 million okuman chbja multimillionaire 4 8 B i%75 8skyiiokunen hundreds of millions of years 54 43 i%

382

383 4j0.1

C]

49

21 # 384

KETSU, ka(ku) - lack ka(keru) -be lacking k ,$ ketten I defect, flaw k shukketsu attendance (and/or absence) k @ kesseki absence, nonattendance k H ketsuin vacant position, opening k tR kesson deficit, loss

;x3851 , I

;A % 1?r

a

€i

a

jikan vice-minister jinan second-oldest son niji second, secondary mokuji table of contents C aitsugu follow/happen one after another

SHOKU - employment, job, occupation, office q& % shokugyd occupation, profession shokuba place of work, jobsite -fi JIi$, f H shokuin personnel, staff, staff member 6s 43 52 @ genshoku one's present post $k! @ mushoku unemployed I(%

6e12.1 [I] FJ

1%

169 53 379 163 350

JZ, SHZ, tsugi - next tsu(gu) - cornelrank next

2b4.1 ID:

%

2 16,95,164 225,45

326 101 3 55 146 279 154 163 298 93

- - ----

--

- poem, song iita

- --

-

--

.

-

-- -

-

SHZ, ane - elder sister ?$$ @ gishi elder sister-in-law @ :! X/ nesan elder sister; young lady

MAI,imcto - younger sister @ !$ shirnai sisters @ !$ %b 8 shimai toshi sister cities

$$ !$ teimai younger brothers and sisters ?$$ @ gimai younger sister-in-law

412 [1 L , 11 24 16

"-

@J

fil

413

407 407,188,181 405 291

SHZ - teacher; army i& iftgifi kydshi teacher, instructor

245

DO, warabe - child % & gakud6 schoolchild & % ddwa nursery story, fairy tale &f d6gan childlikelboyish face & 1 2 . ddshin child's mindlfeelings % & shindd child prodigy

109 238 277 97 310

RYO -quantity haka(ru) - (tr.) measure, weigh f tailshdryd large/small quantity i$j u r n (amount of) rainfall k % kk 4 tairyd seisan mass production % % bun96 quantity, amount; dosage & f iiirvd weight 23'9.7

291

SHO, akina(u) - deal (in), trade @ h sh6nin merchant, dealer i% 18 shdhin goods, merchandise i% % shdgyd commerce, business @ 3 shdbai trade, business; one's trade i% I shdk6 commerce and industry

26,27 30 26,44,278 38 227 1 230 279 239 139

KA, su(giru) - pass, exceed; too much su(gosu) - spend (time)

-

2q9.18 [rl ayama(tsu) - err ayarna(chi) error

'

19 24 20

I

3 J% kudo excessive, too much % 3 tsiika passage, transit 3 '$k kahansii majority, more than half & 4 3 6 tabesugiru eat too much, overeat

377 150 88,225 322

414 3112.2 E3 ) k 22 17

&1

KYO, KO, sa(ru) -leave, move away; pass, elapse 3 $ kyonen last year % % shikyo death % % kyorai coming and going % kako past 2 5 % h tachisaru leave, go away

45 85 69 413 121

TEKZ - fit, be suitable i%i % tekitd suitable, appropriate ji$ d tekido to a proper degree, moderate ji$ tekisetsrl pertin ffl -rekiyyd applicati ji$ 6. tekigd conform

a

TEKZ, kataki - enemy, opponent, competitor @ & shukuteki oldthereditary enemy ?& & ky6teki powerful foe, formidable rival & 8 tekii enmity, hostility ;cif tekitai hostility, antagonism $ @ futeki fearless, daring TEZ, hod0 - degree, extent $2d teido degree, extent, grade 3 katei a process T. $g kdtei progress of the work; manufacturing process El $2 nittei schedule for the day 9 %! ontei niusical inte7val;stFu

e

377 413 139 5 347

SO, kumi - group, crew, class, gang ku(mu) - put together ' .- - .- - - - - sosel composition, mak%iqp 2611#? &l banngmi (TV)program 185 % @ & 6. rddd kumiai labor union 233,232,159 &l k T kumitate construction; assembling 121 &l k 6. ;h -@ h kurniawaseru combine, fit together 159

-$B-&-

a

&6h$-guIairekt-~on~rete,&~e~ifi~ & dydgu tool, implement %? & kagu furniture & & kanagu metal fitting $ 8 jilgu deformity, crippled

23 94

421

KA, atai - price, value bukka prices (of commodities) 8 lif6 beika price of rice R -,% lif6 tanka unit price 24 14 2 teika fixedpist price @, $2 lif6 genkin seika cash price

a,@J lif6

2a6.3

4

1%l@f 422

€3

2k8.l

-

[I ,L 12 55 16

4

I 423

6

97'

79 224 300 355 298,23,275

SHIN - truth, genuineness, reality ma - true, pure, exactly 8 5& shinjitsu the truth, a fact 203 & 3% shinri truth 143 146 8 # shins6 the truth, the facts 8 $ shinkii vacuum 140 8 *, makkzrra pitch-dark 348 CHOKU, JIKI - honest, frank, direct nao(su) -fix, correct

2k6.2 F J nao(ru) -be fixed, corrected tada(chi ni) - immediately

I

-'-[I 55

&/

i$Z $1 chokzrsen straight line _$-/* L BII/& chokuzenlgo immediately beforelafter iE i$Z shojiki honest, upright & $ i$Z b kakinaosu write over again, rewrite SHOKU, u(eru) -plant u(waru) - be planted $8 @J shokubutszr a plant @$8 @J d6shokubutsu animals and plants 48 & shokuminchi colony $8 $ ueki garden/potted plant El $8 ; i taue rice planting

a

CHI, ne, atai - value, price Id6 @ kachi value @I fi 6 neuchi value; public estimation @I nedan price 4iE .k Cj' neage price increase @ 9 6 negiru haggle over the price, bargain CHI, o(ku) -put, set; leave behind, leave as is @ ichi position, location @ $ @J okimono ornament; figurehead @ 3 monooki storeroom, shed B I ~@ 3 maeoki introductory remarks, preface - @ $ ichinichioki every other day

299 47,48 275 131 79 231,79 177,118 22 35 421 362 32 39 122 79 79 47 2,5

427 2f6.1

q4 16 47

$1

1

SEI - system; regulations 00 $11 lj seido system $q zeisei system of taxation j - ~ % $11 shinsei new order, reorganization 20 $8 $11 ky6sei compulsion, force @ kansei control

*

377 399 174 217 328

428 5e8.9

;t: Y 57 47

@I

SEZ - produce, manufacture, make @ seisaku a work, production %? a"n seihin product r]. 20 %? 8% seitetsu iron manufacturing % mokusei wooden, made of wood El $ % nihonsei Japanese-made, Made in Japan

360 230 312 22 5,25

*

SO, hashi(ru) - run $2 &$ s6ro (race) track, course $2 q'i @ FA s6k6 jikan travel time $2 !I rn & hashirimawaru run around $2 !I %$& hashirigaki f l o w h i ~ a s @ I i i i i w r i t i $2 & kuchibashiru babble, blurt out

/

430

151

I

1 TO - on foot; companions; vain, useless !k 6k seito pupil, student & 6k kydto believer, adherent

1%$2 shito

apostle

@ q toshu empty-handed; penniless

6k %

tor6 vain effort

HO,BU, [FU], aru(ku), ayu(mu) - walk

% 3 hod6 footpath, sidewalk % q'i $i? hokdsha pedestrian - % ~PPO astep

149 68,164 2

SH0 - cross over; have to do with

-2--$!? k & & jn @ o t i g t i r - - -

--

I

1 1-4- -

TEN, koro(bu), koro(garu), koro(geru) -roll over, fall down koro(gasu) - roll, knock down $ & $ jitensha bicycle 62,133 rn 6 kaiten rotation, revolution 90 2 & kfiten idling (of an engine) 140 & f% tennin transfer of assignments/personne1 334

oku lack of exercise

u n b transport, shipment

442 - 448

jlS & kinjo vicinity, neighborhood fukin vicinity, environs saikin recent; most recent, latest jfS I t kindai modem times, modem 3 t chikamichi shortcut, shorter way

Isf g @g

447

EN, sono - garden 3~10.1H & $ij kicsen (public) park @J %!I $ij dicsbutsuen zoo @ %!I Ed shokubutsen botanical garden 24 57 22 % $I] gakuen educational institution, academy 8 $ij rakuen paradise

''

a 1@

4. %

jicstatsu progress: hattatsu develop

126 231,79 424,79 109 358

456 - 462

kanki the cold

jkyuzora winter sky

463

SOKU - immediately; conform (to); namely, i.e. ED @ sokuji instantly, immediately, on the spot 0 sokujitsu on the same day ED 5% sokkin cash; payment in cash ffi: sokuseki extemporaneous, impromptu RD sokkyij improvised, ad-lib

42 5 p$ 23 7 73 379 368 464 SETSU, [SECHZ] - season; occasion; section, paragraph; verse fushi - joint, knuckle; melody; point 6n.3 42 @ fit jisetsu time of the year; the times lC Ii li 342 8 fit ch0sefsu adjustment, regulation 66 73 7 4% fit shisetsu envoy, mission 33 1 hk 21 1 EP !%Ififi %J setsuvaku economizing, thrift

2e5.1

&p 1 Bp , ,1

jg i@ i@ 82

munch0 high tide chijrya tidal current; trend of the times i@ fich0 tide; tendency, trend i# @ shiodoki favorable tide; opportunity % i@ Kuroshio Japan Current

3

469 C H 0 - morning; dynasty asa - morning 4b8.12 81 $A & chijshoku breakfast -i% $ ! Heianchij Heian period (794- 1185) $A 0 asahi morninglrising sun 42 43 12 63 $A maiasa every morning @ kesa, konch0 this morning

a

$!a 161 c

322 202,105 5 116 51

KAKU -angle, comer kudo -comer, angle tsuno -horn, antlers @I @ kakudo degrees of an angle, angle 377 - (%) sankaku(kei) triangle 4,395 chokkaku right angle 423 @T @I machikado street comer 186 -

ii

M , GE, to(ku) -untie; solve to(keru) - come loose; be solved -- - Zkai undEEtaniiiii--'-@(ka~u)---comb-~~~400 $@ % kaisetsu explanation, commentary ff$ .& kaiketsu solution, settlement 356 4U $@ wakai compromise 124 ff$ kainin dismissal, release 334

KZKU - chrysanthemum & % shiragiku white chrysanthemum % 0) 4% kiku no hana chrysanthemum % 4 kikltzukuri chrysanthemum growing % h % kikuningya chrysanthemum doll % % Kikuchi (surname) -

476- .d,Tkr-

205 255 360 1,395 118 --

.

--

~ 6 g & k w ' ~ e e r e t s T h i d d e ~ - m j r s t & j? h k u y u k i depth (vs. height and width) 68 l . 4 $$ yamaoku deep in the mountains 34 20 192 - & I$' Cf okuzuke colophon & 8 A. okusan wife; ma'am

db6.9-a h

62 34 --

-

$&I$$

n

-

-

477

--

r-

SHZ, to(maru) - come to a stop to(meru) -bring to a stop termination 458 6k lfi kyiishi pause, suspension 60 tsiik(5dome Road Closed, No Thoroughfare 150,68 % ?? h A h # kuchidomery~ hush money 54,319 h 86 ashidome keep indoors, confinement 58

fl $% lfi shhshi

21112.2 13

1

a

SAZ- year, years old [SEZ] - year if@P4 % man'yonsai 4 (full) years old 201,6 f -f & hatachi 20 years old 3, 12 % banzai Hurrah!Long live ... ! 16 % 5i saigetsu time, years Kxpenditure 17 & A & I%sainyii-saishutsu yearly revenue and 52,53 - continuation, passing of time

of various posts

48 1 2a4.17 Li r-

I-

13

332 109 47 334

KI, kuwada(teru)- plan, undertake, attempt

fk $ kigy0 enterprise, undertaking fk @ikikaku planning, plan fk kit0 plan, project, scheme $ /J\ fk $ chiisha kigySi small- and medium-size enter-

279 343 339

prises 28,27,279

482 4e8.3 H 45 41

$& 7li

1

483 4i5.1

a

-2

49 38

fik1

CT]

KIN - prohibition % lfi kinshi prohibition f# % kaikin lifting of a ban % M kinsei prohibition, ban % kinmotsu forbidden things, taboo % % hakkit~ prohibition of sale

477 474 427 79 96

SEZ, [ S H m , matsurigoto - government, rule &@ , seikyoku political situation $7 i& gy6sei administration h @ naisei domestic politics, internal affairs $ & shisei municipal government % i& kasei management of a household, housekeeping

170 68 84 181 165

67 38

1

SHO - proof, evidence, certificate E shijmei proof, testimony, corroboration 3~ A shijnin witness 3 shijgen testimony Jji 3 hanshij counterproof, counterevidence F?l E naisho, naishij secret

18 1 66 324 84

KETSU, musu(bu) -tie, bind; conclude (a contract); bear (fruit) yu(waerr1) - tie yu(rr) - do up (one's hair)

El %

% @% % $% % fg

chokusetsu direct kansetsu indirect mensetsu interview setsuzoku connecting, joining settai reception, welcome; serving, offe

- carry out, complete ha(teru) - come to an end ha(te) -end, limit; result $6 % kekka result & % seika result % % kajitsu fruit --%% kudamono !I fruit

K;q -fruit; result ha(tasu)

485 261 203 79

404,2

%

55 417 95 1,80

jinjika personnel section

HO, tamo(tsu) -keep, preserve, maintain $$ 8 hoshB guarantee, warranty % $iE A hoshhdin guarantor, sponsor % 8 hozon preservation % @ % hoikusho, hoikujo daycare nursery % @? % hoyijsho, hoyijjo sanatorium, rest home

I

484 484,l 269 246,153 402,153

- 4 9 0 - - ~ ~ ~ ; [ ~ ~ ] , ~ ~ ) ~ ~ 7byi morilb3bySitter; b e ~ , ~ i d e

3m3.2-El - ~ ~ - & % h e ~ k ~ ~ k i - ~ o n s e ~ v a t - i v ~ ~ g h ~ ~ 0 ~ e 3 k e e p r~

komori baby-sitting; baby-sitter, nursemaid komoriuta lullaby mimarnoru keep watch over; stare at omamori charm, amulet

*

7- % 7f i 7- 1

33 37

. .

1

-

- ---

-

103 103,392 63

screenplay, libretto JZ, CHI - peace; government; healing osa(meru) - govern; suppress osa(maru) - be at peace. quelled nao(ru/su) - (in@./ tr.) heal @ ti3 seiji politics 483 $ % jichi self-government, autonomy 62 Meiji jidai Meiji era (1868- 1912) 18,42,256

s

SHZ, haji(maru)-(intr.) start, begin haji(meru)-(tr.) start, begin jIfj % shimatsu circumstances; management, disposal 305 jIfj $% shija from first to last, all the while 458 % shihatsu the first (train) departure 96 $6 kaishi beginning, opening 396 ?%.&J genshiteki primitive, original 136,210

L4

I

1

-

10

. .

... f,$ % tot6 confederates, clique, conspiracy -... $k 2 % Shakaitli Socialist Party

496

430 308,158

DO - temple, hall 11 l% & shokudli dinie; hall. restaurant 322 d$ % & nligakudli oh theater 386.358 /k 5% & klikaidli ~ u b l i chall. communitv center 126.158 -.- - $ & hondli mai;temple ' 25 1 2 % @ & kokkai gijidli Diet Building 40, 158,292,80 --

1

1

'*

JO, tsune - normal, usual, continual toko- - ever-, always 1 '% 4 % nichijli seikatsu everyday life 5,44,237 jE '% seijli normal 275 '% tsajli ordinary, usual qirector) 1.50 ;i; % jlimu regular business, routine duties, executive 235 '%'fi@%! jlinin iin member of a standing committee 334,466,163

1

498

HZ - mistake; (prefix) non-, un$p $$ R hd6guchi emergency exit $F $$ 9%f ! hijli jitai state of emergency $p hikdkai not open to the public, private $p h B$I b!l hiningenteki inhuman, impersonal $F +% % higad illegal

Oa8.1

-

L , 16

$11

499

3119.4 !3 ,j

$

35 24 23

%I

SHO -palm of the hand; administer +% $ gassh6 clasp one's hands (in prayer) $ $

@

497,54 497,80,387 126,396 1,43,210 159,123 159 28 28,295 el - 133

SHO -prize; praise 2 % bungaku-shd prize for litera 1 - \;:b%$ N6beru-shB Nobel Priz @ fi shdhin a prize % & shdkin cash prize, prize money 9 % 8 jushdsha prizewinner

501 Oa7.8

SOKU, tabu -bundle, sheaf - R issoku, hitotaba a bundle & f t yakusoku promise, appointment @ 5#Z kessoku unity, union, bond & ! hanataba bouquet % ;fa & tabaneru tie in a bundle; SOKU, haya(i), sumi(yaka) - fast, quick, prompt --haya(meru)- quicken~accelerate----- J 8 sokuryoku, sokudo speed, velocity 100,377 4 3 Q$ k6soku ddro expressway, freeway 190,149,151 448 @ % sokutatsu special/express delivery ~2 e sokki shorthand, stenography 37 1

a n,

505 FU - sign, mark; amulet 6f5.12 @ % @ !I kippu ticket 39 K @ % 0 % kippu uriba ticket officelwindow 39,239,154 s @ onpu diacritical mark; musical note 347 66 37 $f 9 fig6 mark, symbol 266 !?+ .$ fig0 coincidence, agreement, correspondence 159 ,

1

506 2f6.10 lJ hr

j

16 44

KEN - ticket, certificate $$j% nylijdken admission ticket 52, 154 & % ryoken passport 222 %k% kaisliken coupon ticket 90,225 % teikiken commutation ticket, (train) pass 355,449 (f @6) 3 % (ylika) sh6ken securities 265,421,484

a

$$I507 @

KAN, maki - roll, reel; volume ma(ku) - roll, wind 0a9.11 lJ k/$/T;%jdlchr?lgekan first/middle/last volume 32,28,31 404,2 j 9 8%- % dai-ikkan Volume 1 2% (%) emaki(mon0) picture scroll 345,79 16 44 28 i% % % hamaki cigar 253 % ?J % rorimaku surround, encircle 65 $ j , 508 KEN - circle, range, sphere 3~9.1 & j$2 H kydsanken the Communist bloclcountries 196,278 $&? kyokuchiken polar region 336,118 ,J d k / m 4% hokhankyokuken ArcticJAntarcticCircle 73,336,74 ;$b shutoken the capital region 148,188 kennailgai within/outside the range (of) 84,83

SO - religion, sect - ----

--

-3 n 5 , J E , i L u - i i e i n n

.-+-+ 33 45

--

-

.T -

1

?j?PL]

shsmon sect % @ shiito adherent, believer & % kaishlZ conversion, become a convert % 2 sbke the head family

- . -

-

-

--

-

--

-

245 161 430 514 165

--

SAZ,matsu(ru)- deify, worship matsu(ri) - festival

% El saijitsu holiday; festival day % hyakunensai centennial 2 fk % bunkasai cultural festival % % ?J akimatsuri autumn festival j& a) % ?J ato no matsuri Too late!

5 14,45 111,254 462 48

SAI - time, occasion kiwa - side, brink, edge

tit 1%

kokusai international kijsai association, company, acquaintance $& %! jissai truth, reality, actual practice lg mizugiwa water's edge, shore %! 9 3 kiwadatsu be conspicuous, stand out

2 %!

*

SATSU - surmise, judge, understand, sympathize f%! % kansatsu observation % % kensatsu criminal investigation, prosecution $$$ shisatsu inspection, observation

% % kijsatsu consideration, examination % meisatsu discernment, keen insight

1

620 45

2

40 114 203 21 121 604 531 606 541 18

1 REZ,RAZ - courtesy; salutation; gratitude, remuneration sairei religious festival 8 reishiki etiquette % ;FL shitsurei rudeness E& $1 hirei impoliteness $!6 $1 burei rudeness, impertinence, affront

I 311 49.1 93 579 581 131

the Lord's Prayer

founder, inventor

155 50 112,113 40 137 616

JO, tasu(keru) - help, rescue tasu(karu)-be helped, rescued @J

?J joryoku help, assistance

@J @J

+ p b u tasukeau helper, assistant help each other D

7

100 66 57 159

342 53 1 162 619 355

& 5% sasatsu inspection, observation & % satei assessment

Gdependence 66 manifesto 219,121,66 declaration of

8 iiiX sensen E aYr 8ifi sen

626 2b5.1

1 27

jx

JO - condition, circumstances; form; letter m] @ QF jotai circumstances, genjo present situati I %% @ hakujd confession $1@ rev6 letter of thanks 83 @ @ shdtaijo written invitation

I&

627 2b8.3 35

SHO - commander, general; soon 43 % shdrai future 13 i$ shogun shogun, general $ 43 taisho general, leader 3 48 shush0 (team) captain R s h o k ~ officer

1 1%

-

TEZ - present, submit sa(geru) carry (in the hand) - ---..---- - -% % teian proposition, proposal % f& teikyii offer 3% % teigi proposal, suggestion teishutsu presentation, filing 811 #! zentei premise

weather; cheerfulness, gaiety - ---

--

----

-

-

SO%197 292 53 47

-

YO, a(geru) - raise; fry a(garu) -rise & % kdyii uplift, surge @j @ y6suisha scoop wheel & % % k ikiyiiyii triumphantly, exultantly % @j by niage unloading, discharge, landing 5 I $ #!i by hikiage withdrawal, evacuation

*

'

IB % 'if; t6ji hot-spring cure FI 2 % Z yumoto source of a hot spring 21 43 27 % h yubune bathtub 8 0 % cha no yu tea ceremony

3a9.23

% _h $ !J yuagari just after a bath

SH0, kizu - wound, injury ita(mu) - hurt ita(meru)- injure @2 #% fish6 wound, injury 510 #% % sh6gai injury, damage 518 g/@@ jiilkeishii severe/minor injuries 227,547 % @ % shish6sha the killed and injured, casualties 85, 164 #% chiishd slander 28 ON, atata(kai),atata(ka) - warm atata(meru)- (tr.) warm up atata(maru)- (intr.) warm up i% f$ ondo temperature 377 %/*/I% i% kilsuiltai-on air/water/body temperature 134,21,61 i% ih onshitsu hothouse, greenhouse 166 i g @ onwa mild, gentle 124 DAN, atata(kai),atata(ka) - warm atata(meru)- (tr.) warm up atata(maru)- (intr.) warm up %@ kandankei thermometer 457,340 %% @ ondan warm 634 @ % danryii warm ocean current 247 @ & dantii warm/mild winter 459

1

I

st

1

636 8d4.1 m

75

$1

- Ls 4 17

UN, krrmo - cloud j%un wind and clouds; situation @ 3 an'un dark clouds 348 i% % amagumo rain cloud h % % nyiid6gumo cumulonimbus, thunderhead 52, 1; I% fi; $k Izzlrmo Taisha Izumo Shrine 53,26,308 DON, kumo(ru)-cloud up, get cloudy $?$ donten cloudy/overcast sky 141 & !J 53' f3 kumorigachi broken clouds, mostly cloudy & !J f l 7 7\ kumori garasu ground/frosted/mat glass 8 $?$ !J hanagumori cloudy weather in cheny-blossom season 255

1 1

638 4~8.5

I

f

43 22

%I

SHO, atsu(i) -hot (weather) ?%% kansho cold and heat % 5%. shoki the heat % $ shochlS middle of summer k % taisho Japanese Midsummer Day (about July 24) @ % L b' atsukurushii oppressively hot, sultry

KO, atsu(i) - thick; kind, cordial @ & Mi kind intentions, kindness @ $@ kiigan impudence, effrontery @& ! % Kaseishb Ministry of Health and @ ksishti minister of health and we @ % atsugami thick paper, cardboar

132 277

EN - feast, banquet g & enkai dinner party, banquet g % eeneki (one's seat in) a banquet hall i@ shuen feast, drinking bout 3 k 5 @ kyBen banquet, feast, dinner MYMU, M U

158 379 517

- guest, customer

$$ A, $$ kyaku-ma, kyaku-shitsu guest room $$ fig kyakusen passenger ship ?%$$ jlikyaku passenger &? $$ ryokaku passenger, traveler $$ @ @ kyakkanteki objective-

642 4333--

'

49 24

$.I

457 134 28 26 545

43, 166 376 523 222 604,210

M U , onoono - each, every, various

a & $.-kakuchi--every-area;various-places & &@ & &$

-1-1 8 40 228 1 62

kakkoku all/various countries kakushu every kind, various types kakujin each person, everyone kakuji each person. everyone

KAKU,[KO] - status, rank; standard, rule; case

A &!$ 'k &!$

jinkaku personality, character seikaku character, personality @6 &!$ kakaku price; value & &!$ gakaku pass (an exam) ;E$ ? k6shi lattice, bars, grating, grille

-

I

-

644 - -GAN;maru(i) ~ound1nam(meeni)=1~iake-round, fomrinto-aOa3.28 1;; ball -maw - (suffix for names of ships) h % gan'yaku pill 359 marutagoyo log cabin h ft dl 629,27,167 12 2

'

--

- -

1 98 421 159 103

k1 -

. -

4 $ h., Nihon-maru the ship Nihon 4 O h Hi no Maru (Japanese) Rising-Sun Flag --

--

5,25 5

--

-

- -

I

NETSU - heat, fever atsu(i) - hot (object) & #$ netsuby6 fever & & kiinetsu high fever %& ?% nett6 boiling water 'IE jiinetsu passion & JL. nesshin enthusiasm, zeal

.. .

380 190 632 209 97

SEZ, ikio(i)-force, energy, vigor; trend % fll seiryoku influence, force % kokusei statelcondition of a country % % jiisei the situation fi; % taisei general situation/trend 6zei many people, large crowd continent, mainland land, ground landing, going ashore B @ rikuro land route /!& @ rikugun army

26 32 32 151 438

SEN - money; 11100 yen zeni - money 5% !% kinsen money 17 f?& kksen commission, percentage % !% ahsen ill-gotten money f?& % sent0 public bath /I\ f?& kozeni small change

23 54 304 632 27

B k rikuj6

649

.

3a6.4

3

31

,,52

1

j% 1% 650

ZAI?, noko(ru) - remain behind noko(su) -leave behind

OalO.ll Ell

39

SEN, asa(i) - shallow % # senkai shallow sea i% senken superficial view % % sengaku superficial knowledge ?% % \rl asaguroi dark-colored, swarthy ?% tOosa shoaling beach

3% % zannen regret, disappointment; too bad 3% 3% zangy6 overtime 3% & zandaka balance, remainder 3% 4 % nokorimono leftovers & ! b 3% frh ikinokoru survive

579 279 190 79 44

ZEN, NEN - as, like zenzen (not) at all; completely tiizen naturally, (as a matter) of course hitsuzen inevitability, necessity shizen nature tennen natural

89 77 520 62 141

='

52 30 4

9% / qg

-

&! % % % $% %

652

NEN, mo(eru) - (intr.) bum mo(yasu), mo(su) - (tr.) bum %!* $$ n e n r y ~ fuel 319 !% ' k k frtnensei nonflammable, fireproof 94,98 ~k 9 2 !% 'kk kanensei flammable, combustible Gngine 388,98 44 30 27 h !% & i%j nainen kikan internal-combustion 84,528,398 !% ?r k $' moeagaru blaze up, burst into flames 32 653 KOKU, tani - valley 205.3 8M tanima valley 3 4d12.2

$4 1 tt

(),

R

8r&

tanisoko botto

2 3 3 6

,,88 JI I tanigawa mou l 1 Hasegawa

1

e~ 7 8

~otsuya (

YO - form, appearance; content

umori(sho) (written) estimate

---

--

- - - --

-

-

1 SEI, [SHOI - spirit; energy, vitality

659

@ f i seiryoku energy, vigor, vitality mind, spirit - $9?$ seishin :,,, I 8 seieki semen, sperm @ % shdjin diligence, devotion; purification F l h @ b u d 0 sloth, laziness, indolence

,,

ml I

I,

:7

!

1

310 loo 472 / 437 94,93

1

SEZ, [SHO], kiyo(i) - pure, clean, clear kiyo(meru) -purify, kiyo(maru) -be purif~ed,cleansed seislzu refined saki? 517 f$$ -@ seisho faidclean copy 131 21 i$$ seisui, shimizu pure/clean water 21,41 f$$ &X Kiyomizu-dera (temple in Kyiito)

*

-6

, k o ( ) - ask for ( k e r ) -receive seigan petition, application 5s ydsei demand, requirement, request 1 2 % @ %$ shinsei application, petition 42 22 g& kydsei importunate demand; extortion +A g* ~ p 7; j 5% If shitauke subcontract

7a8.8

SEZ, S

08

5% @

,

SEZ, ha(reru) - (intr.) clear up ha(rasu) - (tr.) clear up Bg X seiten clear sky, fine weather @$% seidon changeable, fair to cloudy 8 Bg ;k akibare clear autumn weather B Bg 6 L miharashi view, vista 5 Baf 6 L kibarashi pastime, diversion

663 4b10.9 42 22 39

7fT @

217

141 637 462 63 134

SEZ,[JO], s h h , shh(ka)-quiet, peaceful, still shizu(meru)-make peaceful shizu(maru) - become peaceful $$ @ seibutsu still life @ .& seishi stillness. rest, stationary ??@ ansei rest, quiet, repose @$ heisei calm, serenity 202

HA, yabu(ru) -tear, break yabu(reru) -get tomibroken @ & hasan bankruptcy @ hakyoku catastrophe, ruin @ &I hayaku breach of contract/promise @ i$;h. yabureme a tear, split R 78 i$b miyaburu see through

a

278 170 21 1 55 63

RITSU, [RZCHZ] - law, regulation i%? @ hbdritsu law %% @ kiritsrt order, discipline, regulations % @ fibunrits~t unwri % @ inritsu rhythm, mete $ @ 3 % jiritsu shinkei

668

1 SHIN, tsu -harbor; ferry i$

tsunami tsunami, "tidal" wave 4 kybdmi-shinshin very interesting i$ @ @ Tsugaru Hantbd Tsugaru Peninsula P !

i$

KQ, m h a t o - harbor, port

28

kkkd airport

21 32 28

% i% % if 8

'?671

3e5.10 E -c

25 39 12

140 412,438 84 84 182

i5fi/@ % shbdlgunkbd trading/navalport If;l % naikbd inner harbor % If;l kbdnai in the harbor % 2.fs minatomachi port ci

7-ly-189 366 qorer, longshoreman 669 kbdwan rbddbdsha port la669,233,232,164 492

S A ~tsuma , - wife @ fisai husband and wife, Mr. and Mrs. % saishi wife and child/children, family f& Z!$ gosai second wife

% & % rybdsai rbdsai one's goodaged wife wife

-BQ~[MO]--die-na(i)-- deadrdeceased--------

t2 t3 %

-

bbdfu one's late father bbdfi one's late husband A mibbdjin widow one's country, going into exile

315 306.1 578

673 4f7.6

3 9 46 30

-

2I

BO, MO, nozo(mu) -desire, wish, hope for % shibbd wish, aspiration 6$% shukuba long-cherished desire % ybdbbd demand, wish % %? shitsuba despair, disappointment ?r % taimbd great desire, ambition

573 179 419 311 26

674

SEI-holy 48.9 !ZI .% A seijin sage, holy man @ .% shinsei sacredness, sanctity 2 %$ Seisho the Bible .% & seidbd Confucian temple; church g!- @ 2 @ Seibo the Holy Mother, the Blessed Maw

1 310 131 496 112

,,,,,

13

675 3f2.1 IT7

FU - spread; cloth nuno - a cloth

% $i saifu purse, wallet

553 287 38 515 126

mi@ a blanket ft $i bunpu distribution, range $i hai@ distribution, distributing widely 2 $i kbd@ official announcement, promulgation

% %fi i

676 3f4.1

KI - hope, desire; rarity, scarcity $i % kibbd wish, hope

673 $6 $ kish6 scarce, rare 144 144,421,425 $6 $ /‘ @ kisha kachi scarcity value % ?J $i %? /' #& mIka kibbd kakaku manufacturer's suggested price, list price 673,421,643

- -

I, koromo - garment, clothes 8 @ irui clothing @ 8 kokui black clothes '& 8 hbdi priestly robes, vestment % 3% % ishokuj~ food, clothing, and shelter 39 3k hagoromo robe of feathers I, [El - depend on, be due to; request E 8 (b)izon(do) (extent of) dependence @ $% 2 L T izen toshite as ever, as before !@ 4E kie faith, devotion; conversion

269,377 65 1 317

SIIO,haji(me) - beginning haji(mete) - for the first time hatsu-, ui- - first -so(meru) - begin to @ saisho beginning, first @ $ shoho rudiments, ABCs @ i$i shoen first performance, premiere $A harsukoi one's first love

263 43 1 344 258

SHOKU, SHZKZ~ o(ru) - weave &% $# shokki loom $H &% soshiki organization, structure; tissue &% !/$I orimono cloth, fabric, textiles % &% (!/$I) keori(mon0) woolen fabric 39 if@, haori haori, Japanese half-coat SHZKZ - know; discriminate % % ishiki consciousness %I% chishiki knowledge ZUI 6 jjrShiki common sense/knowledge -- -- - --. % % gakushiki- leaming % 8q shikibetsu discrimination, recognition

1

682

1 HEN., a(mu) -knit. .

crochet:, comoile. edit , henshu editing % 6%/J\ % tanpen shosetsu short novel, story % I& hensei organizing, formation % k !/$I amimono knitting; knitted goods % % k teami knitting by hand

#@

I;

5%

FUKU - clothes, dress; dose % flfii i$ku clothing %/$U flfii y~?IW4F(ku WestemJJapanese clothing 12. flfi shinpuku admiration and devotion @ flfi chakufuku embezzlement, misappropriation flfii $2 fikueki penal servitude; military service

684 3b5.9 H

+-

(22) 54 12

132 214 497 109 267

677 289,124 97 657 375

KO, saiwa(i), sltiawa(se), sachi - happiness, good fortune g go~d-fi,-~rieT1uTE-- -- - -@ fuk6 unhappiness, misfortune

a

43994

JUKU, u(reru) -ripen, come to maturity p3 24 enjuku maturity, mellowness J&$4 seijuku ripeness, maturity % 24 mijuku unripe, immature, green 2& hanjuku half-cooked, soft-boiled (egg) $4 ZE! jukugo compound word; phrase

688

13 261 306 88 67

JZ- word; resignation ya(meru) -quit, resign %#@, 68 & jisho, jiten dictionary ($5) % %# (o)seji compliment, flattery i% %# shikiji address, oration $Q @k jishoku resignation $Q $? jihyd (letter of) resignation

5b8.4 83 +54, 24 12

-# gF

RAN - riot, rebellion; disorder mida(reru) - get in disorder/ confusion mida(su) - put in disorder/confusion 324 jjt. %L hanran rebellion, insurgency, insurrection /&I nairan internal strife, civil war 84 575

685 150

20, tsuku(ru) -produce, build ?@ 8 seizd manufacture, production 8 #& zdsen shipbuilding $ 8 mokuzd made of wood, wooden h 8 jinzd man-made, artificial 8 0 tezukuri handmade

428 376 22 1 57

SEN, ara(u) - wash $'i @j senzai detergent 550 ift; @ % senmenki wash basin 274,527 @ i% senmenjo washroom, lavatory 274,153 ($5) % $'i b l (o)tearai washroom, lavatory 57 fk b \ I:25 araitateru inquire into, rake up, ferret out 121

21 22 16

a

693 21 14 1

I

0, kitana(i), kega(rawashii) - dirty yogo(reru), kega(reru) - become dirty yogo(su), kega(su) - make dirty *E4% oshoku corruption, bribery 385 & oblrtsu dirt, filth; sewage 79 'E ,& oten blot, blotch, blemish, tarnish 169 % omei stigma, stain on one's name, dishonor 82

701 lla6.7

1 3

JL 79 46 16

#!Y

SEN, aza(yaka) -fresh, vivid, clear, brilliant shinsen fresh %$ senmei clear, distinct %$ & sendo (degree of) freshness %$ $% sengyo fresh fish @ %$ Ch6sen Korea

m- %$%$

1

174 18 377 290 469

702

CHI, oso(i)-late, tardy; slow oku(reru) -be late (for); be slow ~ ~ 9 . 1 7 (clock) oku(rasu) -defer; put back (a clock) % chichaku late arrival 657 .j- 3 J= 19 46 40 i!Z chihai late arrival; delay in apportioning/delive~-y 515 % chisoku speed %ah) 502 % ?I *L h noriokureru be too late to catch, miss (a bus/ 523

z

&I

704 2010.3 16 71 37

$-@ 49 32 2*

DO, michibi(ku) - lead, guide 2 3 shud6 leadership, guidance 3 send6 guidance, leadership 3 d6nyri introduction 3 A $51 diikasen fuse; cause, occasion 3 @ hand6tai semiconductor

155 50 52 20,299 88,61

SON, tatto(bu), tc?to(bu) - value, esteem, respect &tto(i), tc?to(i) - valuable, precious, noble, august @ sonch6 value; respect, pay high regard to $ @ (&) jisonfshin) self-respect, pride @ k sondai haughtiness, arrogance $ @ honzon Buddha; idol; he himself, she herself

227 62,97 26 25

- respect, revere sonkei respect, deference '& keii respect, homage %Z 3% keir6 respect for the aged '& ;ift keien keep at a respectful distance %Z % keigo an honorific, term of respect

704 132 446 67

KEZ - admonish, warn %$ % keisatsu police % keikan policeman $@ %! keishi police superintendent %$ $?! keikoku warning, admonition %$ iP6i keih6 warning (signal), alarm

a

oroshine wholesale price

P L % ?I $h @ oroshiuri bukka wholesale prices

425

239 79 421

/

5

-

7 12 20, ma(su),fu(eru) - increase, rise fu(yasu) 3b11.3 03- 4 fin-zzijka -increase;tise~growth - 5

~e

B

22 58 43

$11%

- increase, raise

4 zzijsan increase in production 4 %?I zzijzei tax increase 4 zzijshin increase, furtherance, improvement [FLfi, tomi - wealth to(mu) - bebecome rich kokufu national wealth T8 $& fukyzij wealth and power fityoku wealth, resources fusha,fiisha rich person, the wealthy lh Fuji-sun Mount Fuji

709 278 399 437

'

GEN, he(ru) -decrease, diminish he(rasu) -decrease, shorten a ziigen increase and/or decrease 712 hR i& kagen addition and subtraction; state of health 709 $& & ! genshii decrease, reduction 144 i& hangen reduction by half 88 i& '& genpii subtraction (in mathematics) 123

717 5h8.1

$' !3 eB

1

\

,

EKZ, [YAKU] - profit, use, advantage $4 & rieki profit, advantage k ! &I% kiieki the public good jfj &I% yaeki useful, beneficial, profitable $E #$ mueki useless, in vain #$ .% ekichii beneficial bird

329 126 265 93 285

ME1 - oath; alliance % renmei league, federation % diimei alliance, confederation ill kamei joining. affiliation % E meisfzu the leader, leading power %J meiyaku pledge, pact; alliance

440 198 709 155 21 1

7 18

SEI, makoto - truth, reality; sincerity, fidelity 7a6.3 Ill 8$. % seijitsu sincere, faithful, truthful seii sincerity,good faith g67 fi + d L \ fJ8. % seishin-seii sincerely, wholeheartedly 52 15 8$. bfi makoto ni truly, indeed; sincerely; very

%

+A/

203 132 97, 132

"

59 52 15

SEI, [JO], saka(n) -prosperous, energetic saka(ru) - flourish, prosper mo(ru) - serve (food); heap up & seidai thriving, grand, magnificent 26 & & zensei height of prosperity, zenith, heyday 89 @ & $d! saiseiki golden age, zenith 263,449 255 % & J! hanazakari in full bloom, at its best

KYU, Go,[KU], miya - shrine; palace; prince $ f& kykjii imperial palace @ $ jingo Shinti3 shrine $ @$ 0 miyamairi visit to a shrine $ ?& Ffi Miyagi-ken Miyagi Prefecture 9$ shikyn uterus, womb

720 310 710 720,194 103

El, itona(mu) - perform (a ceremony); conduct (business)

2C 18

jiken incident, affair, case

399 626

& 3 itsuwa anecdote & ifh ippin superb article, masterpiece fift & hBitsu self-indulgence, licentiousness

238 230 512

BAN - evening, night @ konbba this evening, tonight $3@ maiban every evening - @ hitoban a night, all night @ @ asaban mornings and evenings, day and night @ bannen latter part of one's life

IYYO,yum(su) - permit, allow $2, % menkyo permission, license

469 45

@ Rf kyoka permission, approval, authorization @ @ kyoyd permission, gle~+se @ @ tokkyo special permission; patent @ % f& tokkyo-hd patent law

733 388 654 282 282.123

NZN, mito(meru) - perceive; Sil' ninka approval i-nintei approval, ackno gi? kakunin confirmation, Zg kdnin official recognit % ninshiki cognition, recognition, perception

8 5 3 6 681

SHQ -image, shape ZO -elephant & & f$J gushoteki concrete, embodied % $genshd i phenomenon %' 2% taishd object, subject, target %, % $3 kishdgaku meteorology -2% 17 zdge ivory

420,210 298 365 _ 134,109

zo - statue, image -If+I$? butsuzd statuelimage of Buddha

--

$

f& jigazd self-portrait

9 !$? &

juzoki television set

% f& genzd (photographic) development %! 1% sdzd imagination kabu -share, stock; stump 525,158,308 ## & $2 itf kabushiki;gaisha Co., Ltd. $% @ kabuken share, stock certificate 506 $% £ kabunushi stockholder Fhareholders 155 ## & % $2 kabunushi sdkai general meeting of 155,697,158 % ! I $% Jkirikabu l (tree) stump, (grain) stubble 39 -

n u ,t m ) - - d~,tendta(tsu)--~ff~inKm~---eradica~ta(yas&kilLofE,_leWut % $$ zettai absolute ! %! ;h: zetsudai greatest, immense % 3 zetsubd despair 6!$& konzetsu root out, eradicate, stamp out

365 26 673 314

-

744 4~8.12

B

lc

43 34

$f

1

745 7b8.6

li

%

-

68 34

@/@ 746

*P 1 22 40

1@

6f8.7 +

66 55 32

$/

748

7b5.9 E!3

W

I

749

%$ rydgae exchanginglchanging money % %$ i?. 25 kigaeru, kikaeru change clothes 3 h %$ i?. kirikae renewal, changeover 1 h b i?. torikae exchange. swap, replacement

200 657 39 65

SAN - praise; agreement & sansei agreement, approbation ?@ @J sanjo support, backing ?@ kydsan approval, consent, support % @ shdsan praise, admiration ?@ $6 sanbi praise. glorification

261 623 234 500 401

SAN - calculate zt $$ keisan calculation, computation 2 % k6san probability, likelihood ? $$ yosan an estimate; budget #% $$ seisan exact calculation; (fare) adjustment B[j $$ anzan mental arithmetic/calculation

747

68 52

256

SEZ, [SHO], koe, [kowa-] - voice i6 @j! seimei declaration, statement, proclamation $5 p meisei fame, reputation ~ + p , R pl += onseigaku phonetics @ b ;h koegawari change/cracking of voice i6 & kowairo imitatedlassumed voice

3134.4

mc-

TAZ, ka(eru) - replace ka(waru) -be replaced ("tdaitai, daigae substitution

TAZ,ka(su) - rent out % % taiyo lend, loan % L % kashiya house for rent, rented house %L b kashibdto boat for rent, rented boat % L ffl -b- kashidasu lendhire out % L 9 h kashikiri reservations, booking

-

1 HZ, tsui(yasu)- spend

18 82 347,109 257 204 340 126 393 659 348 539 165 53 39

tsui(eru)-be wasted

@ $8 keihi expenses, cost %? H hiyd expense, cost Lk % $8 seikatsuhi living expenses, cost of living % &?! $8 kdnetsuhi heating and lighting expenses $8 $8 ryohi traveling expenses

548 107 44,237 138,645 222

@%f I

busshi goods, (raw) materials

%f &$ shikaku qualification, competence

643

CHlN - rent; wages; fare, fee % & chingin wages, pay $$ 4- by chin'age raise in wages B $$ unchin passenger % $ % denshachin tra Z% vachin ren

753

HZN, BIN, mazu(shii) - poor g f hinpu poverty and wealth, the rich and poor $$ [ljI hinkon poverty, need ,L j, % ff hinjaku poor, meager, scanty 16 $$ @ hinsd poor-looking, seedy g seihin honest poverty- - -- -

209.5

1 68

.. 1%

755 4a5.36

+

,

41 24

fin

B& tobo(s1zii) - scanty, meager, scarce --g-5 - binbd--poor 3;: 5 ketsubd shortage, deficiency

713 558 218 146 660 53--83

KA, ka(keru) -hang, build (bridge) ka(karu) -hang, be built ?#? f$? kasetsu construction, laying 577 597 ?#? %% kakyd bridge building j, ?% % shoka bookshelf 131 8 12,110,740 'f' ?#? I!& jiijikazd crucifix ?% 2 kaka overhead, aerial; fanciful 140

+

-GA-congratu1ations;felicitations-

iga Kdgen Shiga Highlands

626 45 45,626 275 573,190,136

SHU, osa(meru)-obtain, collect osa(maru) -be obtained, end 3 shiishi income and expenditures 318 A shiinyri income, earnings, receipts 52 baishii purchase; buying off, bribery 241 4x @ shiieki earnings, proceeds, profit 716 %? slziiyii admission, accommodation 654

Ax

NO, P O I , [NAI, [NA% INAN], oos(meru) -pay; supply; accept, store osa(maru) - be paid (in), supplied @ % ndzei payment of taxes 399 ffi @ suit0 receipts and disbursements 53 @ 4% nattoku consent, understanding 374 @ naya (storage) shed 167

759 4~4.9 E3

51

a

43 27

6I

760

7b5.8 H !8

5

,

761

5f5.4

EKI - devination I, yasa(shii) - easy 8J 8 ekisha fortune-teller Sf; % jheki immutability, unchangeableness 2 8J kdeki trade, commerce, barter %? % yiii easy, simple % 9, (L) nanli(do) (degree of) difficulty

BO - exchange, trade %' $?J! biieki foreign trade, trade 759 $ % 8J ijiyii biieki free trade 62,363,759 %' % $k bdeki-gaisha trading f i c o m p a n y 759, 158,308 %' % 2 bdeki shiishi balance of trade 759,757,318 El ?# %' % Nichi-Bei bdeki Japan-U.S. trade 5,224,759

RYilf, [RU], to(meru) -fasten down; hold, keep (in) p~ to(1naru) -stay, settle @ % ryiigakku study abroad @ $ rusu absence from home % @ kakitome registered mail k?~@ (dh) kyokudome general delivery

5 ,6 I& '

164 94 114 654 557,377

109 490 131 170

CHO -government office, agency ff kanchd government office, agency 326 % $2ff Keishichii Metropolitan Police Department 706,606 3 @ ff Kishiichii Meteorological Agency 134,739 8 ff kenchii prefectural office 194

SEKZJ[SHAIYU], mukashi - antiquity, long ago @ konjaku past and present k @ Omukashi remote antiquity, time immemorial &k. g 3 mukashi-mzikashi Once upon a time ... s % mmukashi-banashi old tale, legend @ a> 3 mukashi no koto thing of the past

51 26 238 80

SEKZ, o(shii)-regrettable; precious; wasteful ~(shimu) -regret; value; begrudge, be sparing of 'I$$ % sekihai narrow defeat (after a hard-fought contest) 511 9 @ 'Iff: aiseki be loath to part 'Ig L 1 / 3 kuchioshii regrettable, ve 4 @. Cf. 'I$$ L 4 makeoshimi unwilling dmit defeat 510 SHAKU, ka(riru) -borrow, rent @ 2 shakkin debt f$ %' shakuzai debt $$f$ taishaku debits and credits & @ tenshaku subleasing g I%, g f$ b chinshaku, chingari lease

23 433 75 1

SAN, chi(rakasu)-scatter, disarrange chi(rakaru)-lie scattered, be in disorder chi(rasu) - (tr.) scatter chi(ru) - (intr.) scatter f!'# #! kaisan breakup, dissolution, disbanding 474 #! & sankai adjournment 158 % 2 sanbun prose 111 $% % sanpo walk; stroll 43 1 BZ, sona(eru) - furnish, provide (for) sona(waru)-possess % #& setsnbi-equipment;facilities 5'7'7- -%$ seibi maintenance, servicing 503 unbi military preparations, armaments 438 yobihi reserves, reserve funds 393,749 #j % bik6 explanatory notes, remarks 541

rn

JUN - order, sequence JIIR @ junban order, one's turn

185

KUN - Japanese reading of a kanji; teaching, precept $11 @ kun'iku education, discipline i)5fi 3 11 kyci:kun teaching, precept, moral 311 1kunren training 311 @ kunji an admonitory speech, instructions ff. 3fl on-kun Chinese and Japanese readings

772 2

JUN, tate - shield $& 5 E ushirodate support, backing; supporter, backer

5~4.8

MU, hoko -halberd f @ mujun contradiction f # hokosaki point of a spear; aim of an attack 14 1

246 245 743 688 347 48

772 50

2

J o , M U , yawa(rakai), yawa(raka) - soft

149 187 % gfj nyiijaku weakness, enervation 218 % nytiwa gentle, mild(-mannered) 124 !#! % I 6 & mono-yawaraka mild(-mamered),quiet, gentle 79

775 2q2.1

2& 19 3

777 2q3.3 19 2

HEN, ala(ri), -be -vicinity 3 2 kinpen neighborhood, vicinity I$ 2 shahen periphery, environs 2 henchi remote place, out-of-the-way place % 3 umibe beach, seashore k 2 uwabe exterior, surface; outward appearance

445 91 118 117 32

ko(mu) -be crowded, congested ko(meru) -include, count in; load (a gun); concentrate 507 8 3 & dj. makikomu entangle, involve, implicate k l & dj. haraikomu pay in 582 @ L & 4 mci:sitikomi proposal, offer, application 309 63 & & mikomi prospects, outlook JUN, megu(ru) - go around El & junkai tour, patrol, one's rounds & $B junshi tour of inspection, round of visits & B junsa policeman, cop & junrei pilgrimage, pilgrim & % jungyci: tour (of a troupe/team)

90 606 624 620 279

778 - 784

sen o arbitrariness, tyranny

-

I

-10

, ,

1

783

,, u

46 32

. - ...

% & k6gi lecture % $8 kiien lecture, address % gifi kiishi lecturer, instructor kodo - - lecture hall % @ k6wa (make) peace

% -

I

I KO -club: lecture; studv 409 496 124

% shiganhei a volunteer (soldier) $3 heieki military service, conscription

-- - --

-

573,581 -

1

HZN, hama - beach 83 8 kaihin seashore, beach F. & Kei-Hin Tiiky6-Yokohama @ 8 Yokohama (port city near TOkyO) 3 hamabe beach, seashore ~$iHamada (surname) A

.

9

ZA - seat; theater; constellation suwa(ru) - sit down & h% zaseki seat 379 @ % $?? zadankai round-table discussion,symposium 593,158 (3#$) % & (tsnshin)kiiza (correspondence) 150, 157,783 17 @ kkza (savings) account ~ourse 54 % @ Ginza (area of TiSky6) 313 SOTSU - soldier, private; end q % sotsugyii graduation Fxamination 279 q % %! %!! sotsugy8 shiken graduation 279,526,532 q % 3 @ sotsugyii shiisho diploma 279,484,131 q Ff3 sotchi2 cerebral stroke, apoplexy 28 % $ heisotsu a private, common soldier 784 SOTSU, hiki(iru) - lead, command RITSU - rate, proportion Z] sotchoku straightforward, frank 423 %! $ keisotsu rash, hasty, heedless 547 $IZ] $ niiritsu efficiency 386 #i bairitsu (degree of) magnification 87 I& Z] seichiiritsu rate of growth 261,95

789 5hl.l

KETSU, chi - blood Ih 8 ketsueki blood Ih @ kekkan blood vessel (&) ffi Ih (nai)shukketsu (internal) hemorrhage J.kJhl shiketsuzai a hemostatic, styptic (agent) % Jhl rynketsu bloodshed

472 328 84,53 477,550 247

790

SAN, kasa - umbrella 2ai0.7 IJ @ T' sanka affiliated El @ higasa parasol i%@ amagasa umbrella @ $ T kasatate umbrella stand 2 3 & 4 @ kiimorigasa umbrella, parasol SHA - house, hut, quarters @ & k6sha schoolhouse, school building 115 & & heisha barracks 784 @ &i kokumin shukusha government-sponsored hostels 40, 177, 179 EE1 & inaka the country, rural areas 35

SHO, [SHU] - multitude, populace 5 @ (% %) k6shii (denwa) public (telephone) 126, 108,238 k % 2 % taishii bungaku popular literature 26, 111, 109 @ minshii the people, masses 177 %? 8 Shiigiin the House of Representa tives 292,614 7 9 '1 75 $? @ Amerika Gassh2koku U.S.A. 159.40 KUN - (suffix for male personal names); ruler kimi - you (in

TAZ - party, squad, unit i$ % guntai troops, army, the military % % butai military unit, squad % % heitai soldier; troops &? & % tankentai expedition, expeditionary group % % gakutai (musical) band

796 467.2--[13

,,,

1 4

lo

797 2f13.2 J ,

2

-

w

402- -

223 27,167

a

GEKI - drama, play @%ilJ @ gekQ8 theater, playhouse i% @d engeki drama, theatrical performance @.k kageki opera J%t gekiteki dramatic @! ?&% gekiyaku powerful medicine; virulent poison

798-- -HZ

conifme (short for)-Piiili@5e% km{beru) -2m55-83 -fk/hiritsu-ratio rkk @J hirei proportion jl;f- kk, taihi contrast, contradistinction 13 kt hijii specific gravity kk 4 h mikuraberu compare

1

--

,--

16 27 18

1

TON, buta - pig - % yoton Pig raising 75 7 tonkatsu pork cutlet %@ butaniku I pork % 111 butagoya pigsty, pigpen

438 86 784 535,53 1 358

- --

154 344 392 210 359

compare--

;

-

188-612 365 227 63 - --

7i

799

1

800

/ KON, ma(reru) - mix

,

$a

ma(zaruljiru) - be mixed

zr1

@ %L konran confusion, disorder, chaos YE$% konzatsu confusion, congestion @ -& kongii mixture %df-breed 159 789,1 IE IfIL rfn A koonketsu no hito person of mixed race, @, -@ % mazemono adulteration

3a8.14

1 SEN, era(bu) - choose, select

,

801

3n7.1

tiisen be elected kaisen reelection seisen careful selection yosen preliminary match; primary election senshic (sports) player

KYO -all, whole; arrest, capture; name, give, cite a(geru) -name, give, enumerate; arrest, apprehend a(garu)-be apprehended; be found, recovered @ sen, election 800 @ 3% kyotii the whole party 495 fi & rekkyo enumerate, list 611

I3 {k + I@ 802 (

YO, lzoma(re) - glory, honor % %f eiyo honor, glory % % meiyo honor $5 % @ meiyoshoku honorary post $5 %f $k $9 meiyo kyiiju professor emeritus meiyo shimin honorary citizen $5 %f Th'

803 HO, izo(meru) - praise 2j13.1 H @ % hiishii prize # @ % hiibi reward 57 41 3 % kahii excessive/undeserved praise __, @ @'I k.b? 4 homeageru praise very highly, extol 2 T h hometateru admire, praise highly

-+

&/

804

Oa5.9

g

P

z8

$

/

805 3b4.8 CD

*

,-

22 15 5

1

@4

HO, tsutsu(mu) -wrap up @, @ fJ hiiyliryoku capacity; tolerance, catholicity '$2 hiichii kitchen knife k kozutsumi parcel $% @, k kamizutsumi parcel wrapped in paper @, k $% tsutsumigomi wrapping paper, wrapper

KIN - equal, even % heikin average % kin'itsu uniform $ % kintii equality, uniformity, parity % kinshitsu homogeneous $ ff kinbun divide equally

-

I

500 401 413 32 121 654,100 184 27 180 180 202 2 569 176 38

MZTSU - close, dense, crowded; minute, fine; secret (population) density

528 546 1,54,377 486 659

HO - country; Japan Smerica) (G%) f b h (zaibei)hiiiin Japanese (living in 268,224, 1 h6ji shinbun Japanese-language 1 10, 174,64 ditional) Japanese music eewspaper 358 a federation, federal 440 renpd set$ federal government 440,483,504

RZN,tonari - next door tona(ru) - be neighboring % ringoku neighboring country/province % J$ rinseki next seat, seat next to one

% $@ r i n e t u border on, be contiguous. adjoin % h riniin a neighbor . . ., % 0 & 7 tonciriau ZdjGime next-door to each other 8 10 BU,ma(u) - dance, flutter about mai - dance --492- OalS. I--H - -@-&butai -the-stage$% % bugaku old Japanese court-dance music 358 +r 9 r % f: $3 kabuki Kabuki 392 32 30 15 f: shirnai end, conclusion 333 ( 2 )E!, $3 b l (ohirnai visit, inquiry (after someone's health) 63

a1

50 789 359 ear, 56,600,161,220 mose, and throat specialist 347

I, chiga(u) - be different; be mistaken chiga(eru) - alter % & s8i difference, disparity

& % iken unconstitutionality & b l machigai mistake, error; accident, mishap

8 15 3i13-3

,,R

+

24

/j,.-

{ST

tfL-

8 16 286.2 81

3 11 ,L161

#h1 gk

146 324 123 521 43

Ez - defend, protect 13 $$? bkei defense $ $% Jieitai (Japanese) Self-Defense Forces $8 & eisei hygiene, sanitation $% eisei satellite fjii $$? zezen'ei advance guard; avant-garde KO, ki(ku) - be effective $93 kkiiryoku effectiveness, effect, validity 3 $: kkka effect, effectiveness $3 $ 9 ynkk validity, effectiveness $! @ fi Jmukk invalidity, ineffectiveness @ i# jikk prescription (in statute of limitations) KO - suburbs, rural areas 3 3 kink6 suburbs, outskirts 3 k@ai suburbs, outskirts

8 18

KO, [KU] - merits, success % seikd success % 'fi kkrk meritorious service % fi kkgyk achievement, exploit $J % kkmyk great achievement, glorious deed nenkk long service/experience

2g3.2 (13 J&

KO, se(meru) - attack $? % kksei the offensive $? fi kkbd offense and defense $? % kkshu offense and defense $? $2 kkjk siege @ $? senkk one's major (study)

646 513 490 720 600

$20

I k'l5, [KU], kurenai - deep red

beni - rouge, lipstick @ % k@6, rnomiji red (autumn) leaves; maple tree fi % kkcha black tea fi k6hakri red and white

2%

shinku crimson, scarlet El @ kuchibeni lipstick

1 253 25 1 205 422 54 467

?IF Edo ?IF 9

(old nam Edokko

GEN, [GON], kibi(shii)- severe, strict, rigorous, intense ogoso(ka)- solemn, grave, stately & genja strict, stringent, rigid & $5 genkaku strict, stem, severe & % genkin strict prohibition @ & songen dignity

7 3 2 704

KO -navigation, sailing f3ii 2 @ k6kDbin airmail % 2 % k6kzZken flight/airplane ticket f3ii k6ro sea route, course f3ii $' 3 k6kai sea voyage/navigation & junk6 a cruise - -

I

-fr

824

- AA.15

-

7

~

I KO - resist El % %- 7aik6 oppEitiOn,Co'iifrOniiOnon-

,' I

I -

$& % teik6 resistance f j i % hank6 resistance, opposition 8L %. kMgi protest

8%

k6s6 contention, dispute

KO, LKU] - storehouse $ @ shako garage 5% @ kinko a safe @ Kokko the (National) Treasury 2 @ $ bunkobon small cheap paperback 4E! @ L% zaikohin goods in stock, inventory

-365-1560 324

827

0 - reply, respond; comply with; fulfill, satisfy

3q4.2 18 51

1@

828 2j4.5

,,

16

Jji f i hannd reaction f i junn8 adaption, adjustment &/ f i s88 correspond, be suitable f i H 8yd (practical) application 6 k M 8setsuma reception room

324 769 146 107 486.43

JCZ- fill a(teru) - allot, allocate, apply (to) % 5 jiibutz enough, sufficient (cf. No. 38) % $6 jiiman fullness, abundance % fii;a jiisoku sufficiency % % jiijitsu repletion, perfection % I& L 72' jiiketsu shita me bloodshot eyes

38 201 58 203 789,55

I JCZ-gun

329

1 % %? jiisatsu 830 6a6.10 61 11

I shoot dead

TO,su(beru) - govern, control

• BE #J t8sei control, regulation %k'%i tochi, t8ji reign, rule 17 $k - t8itsu unity, unification

83 1 2a3.9

st

%$t8kei statistics dent8 tradition

*

REZ - order, command 63 meirei an order % -$? g8rei an order, command kkurei instructions, directive iEk .f: seirei cabinet order, government ordinance % hatsurei official announcement

+ +

I

576 1 427 493 2 340 434 578 266 77 1 483 96

REZ, tsume(tai) - cold hi(yasu), sa(masu) -chill, cool hi(eru), sa(meru) - become cold hi(ya) -cold water; cold saki? Iti(yakasu) - poke fun at, tease; browse ?$ & reisui cold water 21 ?$ $% reisen cold war 301 ?$ 3 reisei calm, cool, dispassionate 663

833

~~z-age 6b11.5 H pl B nenrei age 9 gakurei (of) school age % B rorei old age - I% % k8rei oldladvanced age $% petsurei phase of the moon; age in months &$

t2 ? I

a

45 109 543 190 17

RYO - govern, rule %! f, % %ryddo, l rydchi tenitory A % % daitdryd president (of a country) ryqi consul % %/% rydsh~isholshd receipt @ % dry0 usurpation, embezzlement

ar 4x

M U - tower; palace; the cabinet If;l f%l naikaku the cabinet % kakugi meeting of the cabinet $d. f%l sokaku formation of a cabinet f%l 7; kakka Your/His Excellency & 3 Kinkakuji Temple of the olde en-Gvili; -

GAItU - -amount; framed picture hitai - forehead & @ kingaku amount of money i% @ gakumen face value, par $i% i% sdgaku total amount, sum total $ i%? sagaku i the difference, balance i% hangaku half the amountlprice

--

697 658 88

M U , ~ ( c h i r u-) fall o(tosu) - drop; lose @Z% tenraku a fall % % rakudai failure in an examination 8 % buraku village, settlement % "$ rakugo Japanese comic storytelling % % % L b f: ochitsuita calm, composed

/

-I.

--

,.

7-

23 274

433 404 657 -

1

/-840~---! RAKU, kara(mu), kara(maru) - get entangled ia66---rn 'L ,: act;liaiSon;cmumca ' j p X G T Z Z Z Z i connecting station, j u Z o n $& $$ renraku-sen I connecting line

,

Zr

440, 440,299

RYAKU - abbreviation, omission % % shshbryaku omission, abridgment, abbreviation % ryakugo abbreviation @ ryakureki brief personal history ~t% keilyaku plan, strategem, scheme %k % senryaku strategy

145 67 480 340 30 1

SHZ - administer, conduct ,& shihd administration of justice, judicial 3 shirei commandant, commanding officer 5% 8 shikaisha master of ceremonies, chairman 3& shisho librarian k jshbshi one's superior (officer)

123 831 158, 164 131 32

SHZ - words &!I ? I hinshi part of speech % $3 meishi noun (d&) @ (tajdshbshi (transitive) verb % kashi lyrics, words to a song @ gashi congratulations, greetings

230 82 120,231 392 756

9 a a a

843

.

7a5.15

5

D

-

67 24

zq /

a

844

3114.1 E 3

,

-1 !L

"

SHO - resemble g @ shdzshbga portrait 740,343 ;il; g fushd unlike/unworthy of one's father; (humble) I 94

1 SHO, ke(su) - extinguish

[ 845 1 t.

a

,,,

I ?fi@! 8

I

ki(eru) - go out; disappear

shshbhisha consum~r

749: 164 /

TAZ, shirizo(ku) -retreat shirizo(keru) - drive away, repel 3 g& taishoku retirement, resignation 3 taiin leavebe discharged from the hospital 3 taigaku leave/drop out of school 51 intai retire (from public life) % shintai advance of retreat, movement

GEN, kagi(ru) - limit % ?9E mugen unlimited, infinite $I] ?9E seigen restriction, limitation BE l@ gendo alimit ?9E kigerz term, time limit, deadline % ?9E ketzgen authority, competence, jurisdiction

385 614 109 216 437

848

GAN, [GEN], mmanako - eye @ ~ybgan botheyes llfb kingan nearsightedness, shortsightedness @ f$ gankai eye doctor, ophtalmologist @% ganshiki !i discernment, insight f- @ senrigan clairvoyance, clairvoyant

5~6.1

200

445 320,220 68 1 15,142

MZN, nernu(ru) - sleep nemu(i) -tired, sleepy T HE fumin sleeplessness, insomnia 2?%- ! ! anmin a quietlsound sleep HE tbmin hibernation @ [IE !I inemuri a doze, falling asleep in one's seat ! I ?& nemurigusuri sleeping drug/pills

e !a

1

850

1 KYO - circumstances, situation 4% ?R,1' % ?R jdkyb conditions, situation ?.%!, genkyb present situation

% ?.% jikkyb actual state of affairs

Ifi !.%!, shikyd

market conditions, the market

T 7% fukyb recession, economic slump SHUKU, [SHO], iwa(u) - celebrate, congratulate

;fR@ % !3 ;fR@ $E El ;fR#$

sh~tkuji (speech of) congratulations shukuden telegram of congratulations shukuga celebration; congratulations shukujitsu festival day, holiday shBgi (wedding) celebration; gift -

-- - -

688 108 756 5 -727

vie for se(rrr)-compete, vie; bid --

--

302 429 239 283 204 29 (place of) picturesque scenery 509, 118 % 5 keiki business conditions 134 71; % %, jiikeiki hard times, recession 94,134 -

-

EZ, kZgZ - li@t; i % i a d o w x l h ~ t t e ; f i ~ t a C e r -3j-l%l-EEI --&f&izemagwhadow h 3% hitokage, jin'ei silhouette, human figure 6 fl 3% .&!? 31 43 24 , 6ifi kagebbshi person's shadow ~3 $2 kagee shadow picture, silhouette 4% omokage face, traces, vestiges

85-4

-

$2 --1

--

----

-

.,

-.

-

-

740- 1 123,409 345 274 - -

1 855

[m

2d8.14

p 9

A

73 17

$&P

856

4~15.3

B 9 p 43 73

857 5b6.3

p ~1

-i-

54 43 12 2%-

q

1

KYO - village, native place GO - rural area, country @ 4% koky6 one's hometown, native place %@ kykyi one's hometown, native place ?@ k ky6do one's hometown 3 $$ (0 $? bOky6 no nen homesickness, nostalgia % % king6 neighboring districts

173 142 24 673,579 445

KYO, hibi(ku) - sound, resound, be echoed; affect % # eiky6 effect, influence 854 1 hanky6 echo, response 324 e # on 6 sound 347 2 1 @I/$ k6ky6kyokuIgaku symphony 114,366,358 1 8 @ 6 hibikiwataru resound, reverberate 378 SHO - chapter; badge, mark fC $ bunshd composition, writing % fS;- $ dai-sansh6 Chapter 3 @ % $ dai-sun gakush6 third movement % $ kensh6 charter, constitution $ kishb medal, badge

zz

SHO, sawa(ru) -hinder, interfere with; harm, hurt # ll$ hosh6 guarantee, security 3 @ shisltd hindrance, impediment E 8 shdgai obstacle, impediment @ E koshb trouble, breakdown, out of order E sh6ji Japanese sliding paper door

111 404,4 404,4,358 521 37 1 489 318 518 173 103

CHO, arawa(srr)-write, publish ichijiru(shii)-marked, striking, remarkable, conspicuous % $$ chosha author 164 % % chosho a (literary) work 131 $5 % meiclzo a famouslgreat work 82 %$$5 chomei prominent, well-known 82

860 5g8.1 E3 .J

55 43 22

1%

SHO - government office, station % %$% zeim~isho tax office # B$ % shShBb6sho fire station, firehouse %# % % keisatsusho police station % % buslio one's postlplace of duty % $5 shomei signature, autograph

399,235 845,513 706,619 86 82

861

SHO -all, various Cll % a slzokoku all/various countries & shot6 islands B B i + 67 43 22 P % shosetsu various views/accounts 8 3 shoji various matterslaffairs % $!' shokun (Ladies and) Gentlemen! $&

7a8.3

/ zg

40 286 400 80 793

1

SHO, [CHO] - beginning o - cord, strap, thong

= f@%

sanmenkyd a dresser with 3 mirrors

KYO, [KEZ], sakai - boundary % kokkyd border !% % kydkai boundary, border % % kukyd distress, difficulties !% keidai precincts, grounds % Eil sakaime borderline; crisis

- ring; surround % % kankyd environment % dX kanjd ring-shaped, annular % %? kdkan corona

KAN

-

864 626 138 2

ikkan a link, part

867 IN - negative, hidden; shadow, secret kage - shadow; back 2d8.7 03 kage(ru) - get dark/clouded A

B-

p& b% in'yd yin and yang, positive and negative @ r$- insei negative; dormant, latent @ % inki gloomy, dismal, melancholy 1 /% @ hilkokage shade from the sun/of a tree

630 98 134 5,22

868 -- -IN, kaku(reru) - (intr3-hide -kaku(su)=(tr;)-hide

-

2d 11.3 Fl L C - B E - i n g o - s e c r e t l a n g u a g e ; a r g o t , j a r g o n h ~

%;$ I ,c,% 3 1 K8 7 51 39

, - --

1 1%

inja hermit 164 inkyo retirement from active life 171 1%L % kakushigei parlor trick; hidden talent Fhest) 435 1%L$I $5 Lkl L kakushi hikidashi secret compartment (ina 16,53 --

-- - --

- -

-

-

- -

ON, oda(yaka) -calm, quiet, mild, peaceful, moderate @ onwa mild, gentle, genial q $% heion calmness, quiet, serenity q$%$E % heion-buji peace and quiet #,% $&! onto proper, appropriate; gentle 8% @! onbin gentle, quiet, amicable branches and leaves; digression off/pmning of branches

@ % g edatsugi grafting

1

871

124 202

253 26 27 39 486

/ GI, worn - technique; abiliry: feat

3~4.16[El % If gijutsu technique, technology #i @ gishi engineer + 1 #i h$ gin6 technical skill, ability i% % engi acting, performance %$ % kydgi match, contest, competition

,,, ,

$h I

branching

CHU, mushi - bug, insect &$/% & ekilgaicha beneficial/harmful insect $?? & 3 1 satchozai insecticide % & kemushi hairy caterpillar i$ & aburamushi cockroach; hanger-on, parasite & @ mushiba decayed tooth, cavity

3

SHOKU, sawa(ru),fu(reru) - touch fik % shokkaku sense of touch + % fik sesshoku touch, contact % fig kanshoku the touch, feel fik $fj shokkaku feeler, antenna, tentacle % fi& teishoku conflict

187 409 386 344 852 38 38,169 151

716,518 576,550 287 364 478

874

6d7.10

8, ,,

fi& fig

SO, sawa(gu) -make noise !% @ sdon noise !% @ sddd disturbance, riot !% % sdzen noisy, tumultuous k !% ?$ dsawagi clamor, uproar, hullabaloo !% -C sawagitateru raise a great fuss/furor

a

1

605 486 262 473 560 347 23 1 65 1 26 121

I

876 - 882

in the act, red-handed

ts~tmibito sinner

nal law, the Criminal Code

HO,ogina(u) - supp

-

890 896

research institute

--

-

- - --

-

-

--

-

--

-

-

898 3m5.11 El

* % JL

,,,, ,

I

899 3m2.2 El C

,,

JL

TOTSU, tsu(ku) -thrust, poke, strike % % totsuzen suddenly 65 1 % @ toppa break through, overcome 665 % .A totsunyii rush in, storm 52 99 if;E% 3 hanetsuki Japanese badminton 590,314 % 3 % $2 h tsukiataru runbump into; reach the end 77 KETSU, ana -hole; cave 7? A kekkyojin caveman % 2 L 7? otoshiana pitfall, trap 7? ifj if # ana akeki punch, perforator ?& 4 7? okuriana (film) perforations, sprocket holes 7? F anago conger eel SHA, i(ru) - shoot

1% 900 Oa10.8 81 % 8;f. hassha fire, launch 1 -d-I 83 % shasatsu shoot dead 37 ?& 8;f. chiisha injection, shot & 8;f. tii$ hiishanii radioactivity $# 8;f. hansha reflection; reflex J\

, 1

SHA - gratitude; apology ayarna(ru)- apologize & % kansha gratitude % $1 sharei remuneration, honorarium %' gessha monthly tuition & % shazai apology R %' taisha metabolism (cf. No. 1405)

171,l 839 527 441 103 96 576 357 512,386 324 262 620 17 885 256

SHZ - utmost ita(ru) - amve, lead to

3 ';$ A

520 303 461 153 itaru T6kyii To T6ky6 (at the edge of a map) 71, 189

CHI, ita(srr) -do (deferential, used like suru); bring about - !$k itclii agreement, consistency 2 & !$k gatchi agreement, consistency 159 !$k I$ % chimeishii fatal wound 578,633 !$k 8% cchishiryii lethal dose 85,411 1 !$k & fichi chiku scenic area 29,118,183

d!k El]

657 69 448 576 91

shiitd meticulous

TOJtao(reru)-fall over, collapse tao(su)-knock down,, topple,

defeat

% .$iiJ sotto faint @I fB1 tdsan bankruptcy @I tdlcalcu overthrowing the cabinet - -

-

---

$% @I ;k tomodaore mutual destruction, common ruin

GO, ayama(ru) -err, make a mistake

% fl# gokai misunderstanding % @ goh6 erroneous reportJinformation

8 $$

gosan miscalculation

3% $& -goshoku a misprint 3 6 Z% yomiayamaru misread GOJtaga(i) - mutual, reciprocal, each other

@-3 taikei-system---

%% El % i& % %

keitd system; lineage, descent nikkei of Japanese descent chokkei direct descent keizu genealogy, family tree

474 685 747 424 244

911 4k16.2 E9 51

55

KEN,[KE],ka(karu) - hang ka(keru) - offer, give - &! % dji isshiikenmei utmost effort, all one's % % ken'an unsettled problem kenshii i offer of a prize % $! 5% kenen fear, apprehension

dji % If inachigake risking one's life HA - group, faction, sect, school (of thought) % ffi shliha sect ?% ?fi tiiha party, faction ?fit6 f% saha, uha the left wing, the right wing ffi &! jjfi hashutsujo branch office; police box % ffi tokuhain correspondent

2,44578 579 578 616 495 75,76 53,153 282,163

MYAKU - pulse, vein, blood vessel 23 1 663 34 111

-

ikkan consistency, coherence, integrated

'[R g kanshli custom, practice '[R fl kanrei custom, convention % '/R h.b minareru get used to seeing FUKU - double, multiple, composite; again @ $ 4 fukuzatsu complicated @ & fuk~igii composition, compound, complex

a

chiifuku,jiifuku duplication, overlapping

@ @ fukusei reproduction, duplicate, facsimile

@ %? fiikusa plural FUKU - return; be restored @ fukushli review jff hanpuku repetition % fukkatsu revival @ % fiikkii reconstruction, revival %g kaifuku recovery, recuperation jff

2 150 247

591 612 63

575 159 227 428 225

1 7

&"j2ku

,, ,,

$2 f&

& % 6rai I? 5 f.$ 4 $j& & k & anen

round p.t comings and goings, traffic; street, way tachiOj6 standstill, getting stalled uuii-saa rush about in confusion the past, formerly

917 69 121,44 76,75 45

EN, kemuri - smoke kemu(ru) - smoke, smolder

%

kin'en No Smoking

SHO, ya(keru) - (intr.) bum; be roasted, broiled, baked ya(ku) - (tr.) bum, roast, broil, bake

921

''

2q12.1

19 24 28

482

I

SEN - move, change; climb @ % hensen undergochanges & %? sasen demotion %? sento transfer of the capital

%a

HYO - slip of paper, ballot, vote --a-vote- $# $% tokuhyd votes obtained k ;f hhataihy6 no vote, adverse vote % kaihyB vote counting 45 ;f denpya slip of paper

-z-jppya

~

-2- 374 324,365 396 434

925 3dll.l 24

,&

MEZ, na(ku) - (animals) cry, sing, howl na(ru) - (intr.) sound, ring rta(rasu) - (tr.) sound, ring & !f% ky0mei resonance; sympathy 196 9% @ meid0 rumble 23 1 9% 3 9 nakigoe cry, call, chirpiig (of animals) 746 @ 9% b uminari rumblindnoise of the sea 117 KEZ, niwatori - chicken, hen, rooster % I@ keiniku chicken, fowl $$ % y0kei poultry raising % & keisha chicken coop, henhouse % 9% keimei cockcrow, rooster's call % @ keitc? cockscomb (flower)

223 402 79 1 925 276

sa(ku) -bloom % 3 ffi ?f sakidasu begin to bloom % 3 ;k 6 sakimidareru bloom in profusion % % 3 osozaki blooming late %€ ba % 3 kuruizaki flowering out of season 3 b % 3 kaerizaki second bloom; comeback 0,sakura - cherry tree i% iika cherry blossoms 3 i% yaezakura double-petal cherry blossoms i% 12 sakuranbo cherry % & sakurairo pink, cerise 4% I@ sakuraniku horsemeat SHZ, sugata - form, figure, shape, appearance, posture % % shisei posture, stance @ % y0shi face and figure, appearance % %! shitai figure, pose % sugatami full-length mirror {& 5 % ushiro-sugata view (of someone) from behind

SAZ, nu -vegetable; rape, mustard plant !8 2% yasai vegetable 2% saien vegetable garden 2% & saishoku vegetarian/herbivomus diet 111 2% sansai edible wild plant 2% @ natane rapeseed, coleseed, colza

646 654 387 63 48

932 3j8.l

3+

/J.

31 41 35

$2

24 35 27

SAl, irodo(ru) - color & %% shikisai color, coloration %% & saishiki coloring, coloration @ %% tasai colorful %t; %5 kksai luster, brilliancy Z& $9 El suisaiga a watercolor painting

21,343

SHO, [JU], tsu(ku) -take (a seat); engage (in an occupation) tsu(keru) - employ Pk %& shzishokn find e 5 5% @ shzinin assumpti 4 5% $8 8;4 A shzigyk jikan working hours 279,42,43 Ijft $k j8ju accomplish, attain 261 BOTSU - sink, go down j?? $& botsuraku downfall, ruin '8h botsunyzi become immersed (in) & f?? shutsubotsu appear and disappear, frequent f?? 4JZ bosshzi confiscation, forfeiture j?? 2 '& bokkkshz unielated; iniiependerit CHIN, shizu(mu) - (intr.) sink shizu(meru) -7% j??--chinb7itsij s i n k i r '-F chinka sinking, subsidence, settling 2% %# chinsei stillness, stagnation ?% % chinchaku composed, calm i% chinshi meditation, contemplation

839 52 53 757 114,432

- (tr.) sink 935 31 663 657 99

%!

937 SEN-dive, hide mogu(ru)-dive; crawl into hiso(mu) -lurk, ~ ~ 1 2 (B . 6 lie hidden 21 :( B YC- @Z& sensui dive, submerge 21 43 34 .il8 Z& k sensuifu diver 21,315 i@ senzai hidden, latent, potential 268 h sennyzi infiltrate (into) 52

/ ig

f.B --938- -~~,x(kabu)-float;risetwthe-surface ~ ( k a b e r u =-set-afloat;-)

3&6JJ-m ,:

/J,7

35

1 ?$

-- .-

- -

show u(ku)-float, rise to the surface u(kareru)-feel buoyant, be in high spirits '9, ba i% % ornoiukabu come to mind, occur to 99 f% ?% ukanu kao dejected look 277 i% %k $2 ukiyoe Japanese woodblock print 252,345 ---

- --

-- -

-

-

-

NYO, chichi, chi - mother's milk; breast $1 gyiinyii (cow's) milk $1 bony@ mother's milk $1$ X/ nyiigan breast cancer $1 chikubi, chichikubi nipple $18 $ ubaguruma baby carriage

281 112

a

148 112,133

KO -hole; Confucius $5, 31 kikd 3% ! 3L, Z??LF:?! tsiikikb, kiikikd air hole #$. 3L bikd nostril @ 31 taka porous 31 3- Kbshi Confucius

941

1 RYO - finish, complete; understand

$% 7 shiiry6 end, completion, expiration 458 !% T kanryd completion; perfect tense F f office) 613 (Ef5rl) 8% 7 (ninki)manryd expiration (of a term 334,449,201 @ T kdryd final proofreading 115 474 7f# rydkai understanding; Roger! (on a radio) uketamawa(ru) - hear, be told shbchi consent; be aware of

17; % denshd

hand down (from generation to generation)

214 738 683 94 1 434

JO, mu(su) -steam; be sultry mu(rasu) -steam mu(reru) -be steamed; get hot and stuffy (*) 8 % (sui)jbki (water) vapor, steam 21,134 8 % jdhatsu evaporate; disappear intothin air 96 8 L % mushiatsui hot and humid, sultry 638 8 L % $ mushikaesu reheat; repeat, rehash 442 KO - season; weather s6rG - (classical verb suffix)

@ isdrb hanger-on, parasite

945 2a8.11

141 134 610,153 889,164 171

SHO, [SHU], osa(meru) - study; master osa(maru) - govern

RYO - prosperity; high /@ !t% ryrisei prosperity % ! P& k8ryli rise, prosperity, flourishing

@ % rynki protuberance, rise, elevation @ 4 ryhryn prosperous, thriving; muscular '& @ % H8rydji (temple in Nara)

KO, o(riru)-go down, descend, get off (a bus) o(rosu)-let off

kirisame misty rain, drizzle

956

SHIN - pregnancy 3e7.10 ?& ?h!? ninshin pregnancy fi ;t: j-- ?& ?!h? rfr & ninshin chiizetsu abortion

955 955,28,742

25 57 18

957 3a13.7 [B

I, t3 f7

N o , ko(i) -dark, thick, heavy, strong (coffee) i& @ nddo (degree of) concentration %! @ ndkd thickness, richness, strength i& % ndmu dense fog

377 639 950

.BB

;E. 958

TO, [ZU],mame - bean, pea; (prefix) miniature 3d4.22 H k daizu soybean azuki adzuki bean FI /J\ 24 16 @ edamame green soybean 2 k 9 kdhimame coffee bean $ mamehon miniature book, pocket edition

a

-

a

959 3d10.15H 4:

!3

{k

3/9

- -

H o , yuta(ka) - abundant, rich 3 hdfu abundance, wealth & hdsaku good harvest & f i h8yd good catch (of fish) & $ hdnen fruitful year 3 $% Rdman plump, voluptuous, buxom

26 27 870 25 713 360 699 45 201

JUN - pure $3 % junrn6 pure/100 percent wool $@& jjrtn'eki net profit $@ % junbungaku pure literature, belles lettres I$$ $ jun Nihon-fi classical Japanese style $ $3 tanjun simple

287 716 111, 109 5,25,29 300

iXON,-nib$iJ-iiElI, thiEk, s l o W w ~ f t ~ ; S l U g g i 1 h ; 6 1 ~ t ; d i ~ - n i h u O - -nt.xeaken $@ donkan obtuse, thick, insensitive 262 #ti @ donjfi dull-witted, phlegmatic, stolid 227 #ti fi donkaku obtuse angle 473 @& % donki blunt object (used as a weapon) 527

a:' 967

MEZ, mayo(u) - be perplexed, vacillate; get lost; go astray 721,151 % @ meishin superstition 157 % %, meisai carnounage I!% &% 7 maigo teimei be lostlow, child in a slump (market prices) 561 932 103

2q6.1 El ;;itj g,% &$. meikya, meiro maze, labyrinth

'

JUTSU, no(ber11)- state, mention, refer to, explain 4% 8 kydjutsti testimony, deposition BE! 8 kijutsu description -k: 8 jdjufsu above-mentioned R 8 kdjutsu oral statement; dictation % 8 28 chojutsuka writer, author

197 37 1 32 54 859,165

WAKU, mado(u) -go astray, be misguided, be tempted 2 % meiwakzr trouble, inconvenience 3 % tdwaku puzzlement, confusion @ , , % omowaktr opinion, intention, expectation % wak~isei planet B d k l tomadoi become disoriented/flumed

967 77 99 730 152

*% @, ryaiki (river) basin, valley % @, seiiki sacred ground

118 183 834 247 674

SHO, tsug~ma(u)- make up for, compensate, indemnify, atone

I!$ hoshd compensation, indemnification @ benshd compensation, reimbursement % I!$ hdshd compensation, remuneration $!t @$ muslzd free of charge, gratis

889 711 685 93

KO, kata(i) -hard kata(marulmeru) - (intr./tr.) harden {$ kotai a solid ?$ koyrl own, peculiar, characteristic rn 2 kotei fixed /7d Hlak, koshitsu hold fast to, persist in, insist on $& kydko firm, solid, strong

61 265 355 686 217

rn

KO -individual; (counter for various objects) A kojin an individual {* kotai an individual @l1' % kosei individuality 4-1 69ikkokobetsuteki individual, separate 1 piece

1 61 98 267,210 2

KO, ka(reru) - wither ka(rasu) -blight, let wither h!i % koshi wither away, die % h!i eiko ups and downs, vicissitudes h!i kl kareki deadlwithered tree h!i kl % kareha deadlwithered leaf ;/ifj 6 L kogarashi cold winter wind

*

*

HZ, kawa - skin, hide, leather, pelt, bark, rind & I@hiniku irony & f i his6 superficiality, shallowness % & kegawa fur & fim 3 kawazaiku le & @J ?I kawakiri beg

85 723 22 253 22 223 146 287 695,139 39

HZ,kGmu(ru)- incur, suffer, receive $& f#$ higaisha victim 518,164 @ 5 (A) hikoku(nin) defendant 690,l @ 3 % @ & hisenkyo shikaku eligibility for election 800,801,750,643 683

@ $iE hifuku covering, coating HZ - he; that kare - he [kano] - that j& !!$ higan i equinoctial week; goal %&i$ karera they

586

SHO - name, ti Sd5.8--[11 $$ $5 meish6- name;.designation+ I,, r @ $& aish6 term of endearment, pet name $ $& sonshd honorific title 56 35 15 $& 3 sh6 6 title, degree f i 8,W s6sh6, taish6 symmetry

1

978

&

1# 979

SHOKU, kaza(ru) - decorate, adorn {I$ % shashoku embellishment; modify (in grammar) ! II$ Cf kazaritsuke decoration g ,I ,- % f$ 0 % kazarike .affectation, love of display 73 26 15 % 0 kubikazari necklace, choker $$ @ h kikazaru dress up

8b5.3

t$l@

-980-- -Zfb=man;-husband;-(suffixf ormale-given-names) . .-- in @ 6, P[s I%yar6$2 guy r6t6, r6d6 w n r Ig

2d6L5J 7 73

~~~ k fib

Tar6 (male given name) J rro . - (male given name)

IpIj$b =m.%iin

--

-

--

-

-- -

-82- 259 704 266 146,365 945 192 134 148 657 --

174 716

569,495 236 629 3,384

98 1

RO - corridor, hall

3~18.4 [1? @ 7; r6ka corridor, hall

,,

73

982 0a5.34 !3

?

7l

@ kair6 conidor, gallery i@i @ gar6 picture gallery

31 90 343

KO - A, No. 1 (in a series); shell, tortoise shell AAN - high (voice) f3 k6tetsu armor, armor plating # 4 h. kij6sen thyroid gland y @ k6shu Grade A, first class y $5 bJ kandakai high-pitched, shrill

312 626 228 190

OTSU - B, No. 2 (in a series); the latter; duplicate; bass (voice); strange; stylish; fine Z k6-otsu A and B; discrimination, gradation Z $C otome virgin, maiden Za otsu na aji delicate flavor

982 102 307

HEZ - C , NO. 3 (in a series)

domineering and will lead her husband to an early grave) 49

HEZ, gara -pattern, design; build; character e - handle @ @ 6hei arrogance $3 migara one's person A @ hitogara character, personality @ $3 kotogara matters, affairs A @ aidagara relation, relationship

4 o(su) -push

~(saeru) - restrain, hold in check, suppress

% llx 6shC confiscation @ % 6in rhyme

L h f i oshiire closet, wall-cupboard i& @ L atooshi push, support, back

@

8 41 id' If b oshitsukeru press against; force (upon) CHB -pull, extract ttf chllshutsu extraction, sampling % chiisha abstraction

#l% I% chllshaeki abstract 4h. chiisen drawing, lottery 4 h. % chiisenken lotterylraffle ticket

a

78 1 59 1 80 43 757 349 52 48 192 53 739 739,210 506

988

JZKU - axis, axle, shaft; (picture) scroll

7~5.1 fg

I$ @I shajiku axle %! $dl chijiku earth's axis $Z $dl jitenjiku axis of rotation

\!

133 118 62,433

$&I

SO, saga(su) - looldsearch for @! 2 ssiia investigation Fremises 624 +% =Ei @! 2 kataku s8sa search of the house1 165,178,624 @! $ 3 sass honbu investigation hea @! 4: & sagashirnawaru -search arou @! L 2% T & sagashiateru find out, di

,-.

1 U - heaven

990

I

p f8 udai the whole world 84 3 !$ & ft kiu-k8dai magnanimous 134,694,26 !$ $b Utsunomiya (capital of Tochigi Prefecture) 188,721 CHU - midair; space, heaven % uchii space, the universe % 'ijii % 47 uchii ryok8 space flight % 'iii 47 rfr uchii hikoshi astronaut

990 990,222.68 990,530,68,572 2 daiuchii macrocosm, the universe26,990 442 i& !I chiigaeri somersault

todo(ku) -reach, arrive todo(keru) -report, notify; send, deliver

TAKU - selection, choice $? sentaku selection, choice 800 % $? 84 fi3 sentaku karnoku an elective (subject) 800,320.55 933 S $? saitaku adoption, selection 18 $? nisha-takziitsu either-or alternative 3, 164.2

a

-

I

a

'

s

-

*

r

L.1 'R zeitaku luxury, extravagance I -t? %, R M8 Takut6 Mao Zedong, Mao Tse-hmg

21 40 2

'R is

& $? Kanazawa (capital of Ishiiawa Prefecture)

SHOPme(su) - (honorific) summon; wear; take (a bathtbus) %hakespeare) (As You Like It -

2 a L % omeshimono

996 385.24 El

2 u 3 21 24

:n

food, drink, clothing (polite)

SHO? numa - swamp, marsh .iE: fi shataku marsh, swamp, bog %I kosha lakes and marshes 'if: dl numachi marshland, swampland ?# Efl numata marshy rice field

436 827 134 32 79 994 467 118 35

JW

SHO - bright, clear sh" $U Shawa (Japanese era, 1926- 1989) 124 86 %I 6 3 Sh6warokujiisan-nen 1988 124,45 sh" %I !%t Shawa nenkan the Shiiwa era 124,45,43 I6 %I5 sf; Shawa gannen first year of the Shiiwa era (1926) 124, 137,45 SHO, te(ru) - shine te(rasu) - shine on te(reru) - feel embarrassed W shamei illumination, lighting taishd contrast @ i:llf! sanshb reference ,Y Tashagii (shrine in Nikkii)

18 365 710 71,721

SHO -fire; impatience; yearning ko(gasu) - scorch, singe; pine for ko(geru)-get scorched ko(gareru)-yearn for ase(ru)-be in a hurry, hasty, impatient % shaten focal point, focus 169 $k %$dl % shiinetsu jigokzi an inferno 645,118,884 % $k 17 kurokoge charred, burned 206

,a

CHO? ko(su), ko(eru) - cross, go over, exceed g % chaka excess % @ ?& chaonsoku supersonic speed @ , fi; chOtaikoku a superpower ch0man1in crowded beyond capacity iti& h chajin a superman

413 347,502 26,40 201,163 1

ETSU, ko(su), ko(eru) - cross, go over, exceed j& i@ chaetsu transcendence i@ &% ekken overstepping one's authority @ %% ekkya jumping the border 5 1 9 i@ d- hikkosu move, change residences I#$ 6 &!$ L kachikoshi a net win, being ahead

1000 335 864 216 509

SHU, omomuki - purport, gist; taste, elegance; appearance g % shumi interest, liking, taste; hobby ,@ F% shuk6 plan, idea 8 shui purport, meaning; aim, object ,@ j6shu mood; artistic effect 8 ,@ yashu rural life and beauty, rusticity

1' s

307 199 132 209 236

SEN - go around, revolve, rotate

&

senkai turning, revolving, circling

& shlisen good offices, mediation & @ senritsu melody & senpli whirlwind, cyclone, tornado 85 3 & assen good offices, mediation KZ, hots -flag, banner

f$i hanki flag at half-mast 9% @ seij6ki the Stars and Stripes (U.S. flag)

f$i & hatairo the tide of war; things, the situation

RI - an official rs

Ei: g g @& 3!! 3!! %

kanri an official riin an official nnri capable official rit6 party of officials

115 88

730,564 204

KO, kata(i) - hard, f i @ kbshitsu hard, rigid @ fff kbdo (degree of) hardness @ kbka hardening @ # kbka coin; hard currency $8 @ kybkb f i i , unyielding KO, kama(eru) -build, set up; assume a postureJposition kama(u) -mind, care about; meddle in; look after &! @ kikb mechanism, structure, organization 3% & kbsei composition, makeup @ % kbsb conception, plan d,. 3% k kokorogamae mental attitude, readiness KO - buy, purchase % A kbnyti purchase % A 8 kbnytisha purchaser, buyer !## kbbai purchase % % kbdoku subscription % % # kbdokuryb subscription pricelfee

1

528 261 147 97

52 52,164 24 1 244 244,319

1012 KO, mizo -ditch, gutter, groove

1013 JO, yuzu(ru) - transfer, assign; yield, concede 7a13.1 s @ jGho concession, compromise % katsujb cede (temtory) ojb mutual concession

g?+zg

& yztzuriwatasu turn over, transfer $$ %& ~g$ U, oyayuzuri inheritance from a parent 67 57 32 n \

@,

43 1 519 907 378 175

1014 BO, aba(reru) - act violently, rage, rampage, run amuck [BAKU], aba(ku) - disclose, expose, b k g to light

4c11,2

51

+I-

43 32 21

1

8 ?J 8[ bbryokudan gangster syndicate 8 bbfi high winds, windstorm

2% % ranbb violence, roughness % % bakuro expose, bring to light

100,491 29 689 95 1

% @ 8 hibakusha bombing victim #? % bakuyaku explosives

96 96,210 136 976,164 359

1016

GEKI, u(tslr) - attack; fire, shoot & !& kdgeki attack !& hangeki counterattack ) $ I-J ,, 69 20 @ @! bakugeki bombing raid

3~11.7

*& 1 %

"

819 324 1015 936 55,164

% ik gekichin (attack and) sink !& 8 mokugekisha eyewitness

1017

GEKZ, hage(shii) - violent, fierce, strong, intense radicals, extremist faction %k kangeki deep emotion/gratitude k 43 48 8 gekijd violent emotion, passion %k % gekidd violent shaking excitement, stir 8 & gekirya swift current

an 3 8 i@ kagekiha

3a13.1

.i

,,

&

413,912 262 209 231 247

s

TO, u(tsu) - attack $$ $$ kentd examination, $$ % tdron debate, discuss "f S & . - discussion, delib 0 togi 8 6 -1; IC:: uchijini fall in $$ 6 t;1(51 23 uchitoru cap

3 1020

1021

x

23 20 9

-

-

DA, u(tsu) -hit, strike diikai abzk;-development, new turn -l8 dasanteki calculating, selfish, mercenary ## dagakki percussion instrument & h -& uchiawase previous arrangement ?H L uclzikeslzi denial; negation TO, na(geru) - throw tcihyd vote tdsho letter to the editor, contribution tdshi investment tdki speculation tdei projection

1,: 3~4.18 r]

----

-

zdtei revised and enlarged (edition)

I

aJ

.

31 93 92 85 65

-

$2 % 3% % %% 3% @ 3% 83

1022 -O--Europe

922 131 750 528 854 -

-

--

-

,

-&-'~~l-&hk-~urope 195-Spid Western Europe 72 @ -I224 12 & % 0-Bei Europe and Americdthe U.S. & 1' 1' .1 Oshii Ddmei the European Union 195,198,717 & & % hokud shokoku Scandinavian countries 73.861.40

--4j47+m 49 20 -

1

- ---- -

-

-

-

-

-

pivot, axis, center

@ @ sshrnitsu state secret DAN - decision, judgement kotowa(ru) - decline, refuse; give notice/warning; prohibit ta(tsu) - cut off & &f ketsudan (prompt) decision, resolution 356 ?h@ yudan inattention, negligence 364 78 1 #$ &f ddan crossing 579 &f $ dannen abandonment, giving up

klEI, tsu(gu) -follow; succeed to, inherit 48 942 243 28 260

HAN - stamp, seal BAN - (paper) size $fl& (3) handan(1yoku) judgment $fl .& hanketsu a decision, ruling $1 % hanji a judge 2 *I] kdhan (public) trial $fl 6! hanrnei become clear, be ascertained HAN, BAN, tomona(u) -go with, accompany; entail, be accompanied by, be associated with I+ ddhan keep (someone) company 0 A hanryo companion, comrade, partner 8 5 airomonau accompany

1028 m~- criticism, comment 7a5.3 Ill % % hydron criticism, critique, commentary * JJ, fi iif ronpyd criticism, comment, review 67 35 4 ,: , @ hydka appraisal iif $I] hydban fame, popularity; rumor, gossip % % shohyd book review %r

-?p

HZ - critique 3#: $I] hihan critique 3#: $fl 83 hihanreki critical 3#: % hihyd critique, criticism, review & % @% -hihydgan critical eye $C 3#: 8 bungei hihyd literary criticism

198 146

293 293 42 1 1026 131 1026 1026,210 1028 1028,848 11 1,435, 1028

1030 NZ - two (in documents) 3 7 j P3 niman'en 20,000 yen

16, 13

4n3.3

BU,MU - military # buki weapon, arms

kl

527 100 49 72 64

butyoklr military force

Y o , sugu(reru) - excel yasa(s1rii) - gentle, tender, kindhearted 646 jg %#ynsei predominance, superiority jg % yiishd victory, championship 509 E % yrisen priority 50 @ % % yzijzl-fjudan inde-cision, vacillation 774,94, w24 k@ joyni actress 102

HZ,kana(shii) - sad kana(shimz1) - be sad, lament, regret ,&>

-

797 258 925 604

JL

--

1036- X I - e % c l u d ~ ? e ~ c t , ~ e f '-3~83-• '

-

~

~

%

L

X

-

l

gk 'i$ haieki drainage (in surgerv) gk @ haigeki reject, dknounce #k hai-Nichi anti-Ja~anese

~

~

~

f

u

m e 472

~

C H 0 , ki(ku) -hear, listen I@ fDI chiishu listening I@ $j? chdshfi audience @ % chdkb attendance at a lecture & I@ 9 kijchdkai public hearing @ % chdkaku sense of hearing

1040

SHZ, mune -purport, content, gist; instructions @ g shushi purport, content, gist % yBshi gist, essential points $ g honshi main purpose, true aim S& w itm s ronshi point/drift of an argument

4c2.2

3

P

2 3 43 13

f b1

I

- finger sa(su) -point to shidd guidance. leadershin % shirei order, instruction % $5 shimei nomination, designation % @ @ shiteiseki reserved seat i? L % hitosashiyubi index finger, forefiiger SHZ, abura - (animal) fat ?& a8 yushi oils and fats a8 $3' aburami fat (of meat) 9 $8 ba aburakko: greasy, rich (foods)

IN - seal, stamp shirushi - sign, mark EP & inshb impression EP chain signing, signature Ell % inzei a royalty (on a book) EP if& inshi revenue stamp % yajirushi (direction) arrow

1002 419 25 293

703

831 82

364 59 957

I

1047 HAN, BAN, ita - a board 4a4.21 • %? kanpan, kbhan deck (of a ship) @ gbban, gdhan plywood ;1; 1 % %? @ kokuban blackboard 18

,r

$5 yukaita floorboard

I 1048

t?$%?

dk

hydjiban indicator-board

^--

982 159 206 826 272,615

WAN - sell

7b4.2- -El-Ez-lin&Z Bales, s&lliG -68 18 9

flk 1

,, 1049 2a4.15

r 46 I@

4

18

I

-239 jVji %@ % , hanbai nedan selling price 239,425,362 @ % jVji & jidb hanbaiki vending machine 62,231,239,528 - ?fi @ shihan marketing 181 151 jVji @ hanro market (for goods), outlet

AX,[KEI~kari - temporary, provisional, tentative, supposing

4!?

a

1 44E E 4E % %% -

kasetsu hypothesis, supposition katei supposition, assumption,hypothesis kamen a mask kamei fictitious name kebyb pretended illness, malingering ---

400 355 274 82 380 --

1 0 5 0 -mN - leriiency, geneEsiq 3m 1 0 3 - 6 -%k?k-kandai-magnanimi&-toleranee;-leniency-6- 654 I % % kan'y8 magnanimity, generosity, forbearance % @ kankb generous, large-hearted 639 33 68 32 822 3 @ kangen severity and leniency

-- -

-.

I% % I% %

kankoku recommendation, advice kangyd encouragement of industry @ & kanjin soliciting religious contributions

KAN - joy, pleasure @ @ kantai hospitality @k8 kandan pleasant chat @ ? kansei shout of joy, cheer f& % f% kanrakrlgai amusement center f& d.\6? B 5 kanssbin o kau curry favor 1, era(i) - great, eminent, extraordinary, excellent $$ A idai great, mighty, grand I$ A ijin great man #$ d isai man of extraordinary talent #$ % igyd great achievement #$ @ ikan a spectacular sight

26 1 55 1 279 604

1 - woof (horizontal thread in weaving); latitude

i% if$ nan'i south latitude @ &$ keii longitude and latitude; the details

''

19 18 7

@

1

377 299 73 74 548

GEZ, muka(eru) -go to meet, receive; invite, send for @ $8 kangei welcome 1052 $I!& geigd flattery 159 % sdgei welcome and sendoff 441 ffi ;El! f demukae meeting (someone) on arrival, reception 53 f @ 9 nn.lkaeutsu fight to repulse (an attack) 1016

a

a

GYO, [KO], ao(gu)-look up at; look up to, respect; ask for, rely (on) ii(se) -what you say, (your/his) wish {# ?B gydsl~i look up (at) 606 141 14 gydren be astonished, frightened @ 1111 stzinkd faith, religious conviction 157 1111 li3 if aomuke facing upward, on one's back, supine 199

*

YOKU, osa(eru) -hold downlin check, suppress, control @Iifiu yokusei control, restrain, suppress @P @ yoku~yii dentention, internment @P b yokushi deter, stave off @P # yokuyd rising and falling of tones, intonation

427 76 1 477 63 1

RAN, tamago - egg (cf. No. 295) %8flp keiran (hen's) egg E?i 48 sanran egg-laying, spawning flp ?@ ran'd yolk flp 3 rankan Fallopian tube, oviduct flP % tamagogata, rankei egg-shaped, oval

1059 2k8.2

n 20

-+ 12

1

926 278 780 328 395

SAKU - rope, cord; search for % 9 I sakttin an index 216 sdsaku search 5emises 989 z% 3f; @ % kataku sdsaku search of the house1 165, 178,989 %% % tansaku search, inquiry, investigation 535 ,g, shisaku thinking, speculation, contemplation 99

a

RUZ - involvement, trouble; accumulation; continually % &I/# ruikalzd acceleration, successive increase 709,712 % @ ruiseki accumulation, cumulat %Y ti ruikei (sum) total @ % keirui family encumbrances, dependents 909 % @ ruishin successive/progressivepromotions 437

1,koto - be different % %? ijd unusual, abnormal % ishitsu heterogeneity % E] ikoku foreign country % %t igi objection $6 & ikyd heathenism, paganism, heresy -

1062

YOKU, tsubasa - wi 76 200

YO, ama(ru) - be left over, in excess ama(su) - leave over Z & l& nijiiyonen more than 20 years 3,12,45 & @ yomei the rest of one's life 578 5% 8 yokei too much, unwanted, uncalled-for 340 & &,! yochi room, margin 118 5% j& yoha aftereffect 666 ---.-. --I 064 - -KAFhh'rma -free time, leisure

- ---

- 4 e 9 ~ 1 - ~~ ~ k y l S o l i d a w e a t i e ~ ; . t i

'B p--43 40 4

-

- -

-

flfi1

--

yoka leisure, spare time & BE 9 & L himatsubushi a waste of time, killing time flgi flft b himadoru take a long time, be delayed

EE a K$ -- ---

hima no toki leisure time, when one is free ---

-

-

-

--

--

1063 65 42 - --

JO, [JZ], nozo(ku) - get rid of, exclude %# pk kaijo cancellation pk $3 jomei remove (someone's) name, expel & % jogai except, exclude % E!k menjo exemption %0 & torinozoku remove, rid

(U 0 @! karitoru mow, cut down >(!j 4 & karikomu cut, trim, prune 2 %U 4 % shibakariki lawn mower HO, mune, [muna] - breast, chest j@ 1% kydzd (sculptured) bust A@ $$ kydbu the chest I@ kydi girth/circurnference of the chest kydchii one's bosom, heart, feel j% doky6 courage, daring, nerve

a@

HO - sac, sheath, placenta

of books, one's library

kenbo wise mother

52 1220 65 776 250.528 740 86 1194

I

1289 KEN, kata(i) - f i i , hard, solid e3 % % kenjitsu solid, sound, reliable .j 1 % kengo strong, solid, steadfast '? % chiiken mainstay, backbone, nucleus 20 % kenji hold fast to, adhere to

3b9.13

,n

1

P % ba

tegatai firm,solid, dependable

203 972 28 45 1 57

1290 KIN - hard, tight % % kinchd tension 1106 1175 ly, n 1 % 3 kinpaku tension % $2 kinkyii emergency 303 61 20 % %!kinshuku I contraction; austerity 1110 % $% kinmitsu close. tight 806 $ RAN - see, look at E/%% & tenlhakurankai an exhibition 1129,601,158 &?-% % y2ransen excursion ship, pleasure boat 1003,376 @ % kanran viewing, inspection 604 - % 5!% ichiranhyd table, list 2,272 -% kairan read-and-pass-on circulation 90

6a9.17

/

HAN - fullness, luxury; frequency % % han'ei prosperity % Z!% hanj6 prosperity; success % $ f% hankagai thriving shopping area

1281 215,445,1281 95,446,1281 chiikyori kydsd medium-distance race 28,1281,852,429

@ @ tanlkinkyori short distance E/g@ @ chdlenkyori long distance

@ %% k

KYO,koba(mu) - refuse, decline $g % kyohi denial, refusal; rejection, veto ikg % & kyohiken right of veto

)E @I

kyozetsu refusal, rejection, repudiation

1248 1248,335 742

6,

1296 TAZ-

5

6

'

4b5.10

flk /

s

lf? &$ a lf? $ Jf? 9 j!.?

womb, uterus taiban placenta, afterbirth botai mother's womb/uterus

1098 112

jutai taiji embryo, conception fetus fetal movement, quickening

1217 260 23 1

flf? @J taid6

1297 T 4 nama(keru)-be idle, be lazy, neglect oko&(ru) -neglect,

4~.21 ,P>

be remiss in, default on

A

51 24 17

e.1

$ &f hongoshi serious, in earnest

WAN, ude -arm;ability, talent, skill % ffi shuwan ability, capability, skill ffi fll wanryoku physical strength I$ij 3 udemae ability, skill ffi % udewa bracelet ffi @ udedokei wristwatch ---

st

-

61- 90 (someone) shoulder-high 32,631

619 140 899

iH 89 d6mon cave entrance

161

1302 GA;;warel wa=-I, se1f;my;our-

--

Da7.10a ~ ~ j i g a s e l f , - e g o $0 gari one's own interests, self-interest 3 -+ I % @ % muga self-effacement, selflessness 52 12 2 % % % waregachi each striving to be first %@ wagakuni our country - --

-

&1

-.- -

- --

-

-

---

.-

--

-

62

329 93 509 40 -

--

& fE;3FE gashi starve to death

fl @, kiga hunger, starvation fl 3 X, kikin famine fi fE;3FE FEC;: uejini starve to death

an fi$ ?J an 2% ba

hadazawari the touch, feel hadasamui, hudazamui chilly

SO, kura - storehouse, warehouse, depository

%$ k6fun excitement %$ % funpatsu exertion, strenuous effort; splurge %$ &! funki rouse oneself (to action), be inspired %$ ~ 5 rT furutte energetically, willingly

DATSU, uba(u) - snatch away, take by force; captivate 302,301 @ @ (&) sbdatsu(sen) a competition, struggle 841 @ ryakudatsu plunder, pillage, despoliation % @ I bdatsu seizure, robbery 217 @ @, 1 dakkai, dakkan recaphue, retaking 90,866 @ b\ & j ubaiau scramble, struggle (for) 159

&

M U , e(ru) - obtain, acquire, gain @$ @ kakutoku acquire, gain, win #@ @$ hokaku catch; capture, seizure j,& @$ gyokaku fishing, a catch of fish 81 @$ rankaku excessive fishinghunting emono game,

374 890 699

IYAN,wazura(u) - be ill, suffer (from) @ , , 8 kanja a patient

164 303 86 95

%@ !,., kylikan person suddenly taken ill @ , , ?$ kanbu affectedldiseased part @ , , ba nagawazurai long illness

4 3 . 1 6.- -.m-. - see ---

-- -

.

-

-. ----------------

5c4.4--H -@.~-kmgofu-nurse

-

--

--

$

I

---

% $5 %3 %@ %--

kanbyb tending the sick, nursing kanshu (prison) guard kanpa see through, detect kanban sign, signboard -

--

-.

13~U6-380 490 665 1047

-

13 17 1.12

fi

~4

74 36

4% 1

1318

5i5.4

rn

8- 60 38

&1

13 19

534.2

rn

SAI, moyg(su) - hold, sponsor; feel i%lI# kaisai hold (a meeting) 2 i& shusai sponsorship, promotion 1% !E saimin hypnosis @ $% 15" A sairuigasu tear gas f@ L %Imoydshimono (program ot) entertainments SHO - illness, symptoms @ b bydshd nature of a disease % 8, b f& shdjd, shdkd symptom ; I ;!E % jkminshd insomnia $ b jiheishd autism % & b roshutsushd exhibitionism

396 155 849 1239 79 380 626,944 94,849 62,397 951,53

EKI, [YA#U] - epidemic @ ekibyd epidemic, plague % akueki plague, pestilence, epidemic Pk bdeki prevention of epidemics & 2 ken'eki quarantine rnen'eki immunity

380 304 513 53 1 733

rn x a a 60 20

&1

A

1320

5i7.7

rn

q- 60 42 1

&1

1321

TSO, ita(mu) -feel painful, hurt; be damaged ita(meru) -hurt, damage; cause pain ita(i) - painful b % kutsii pain 545 % zutsii headache 276 323 % %I tsiiin drink heavily, carouse % % itade severe wound: hard blow 57 HZ, tsuka(reru) -get tired tsuka(rasu) - (tr.) fatigue, tire sr$ % hird fatigue, weariness % @ kL kizukare mental fatiguelexhaustion & f i T'-(: tsukarehateru be completely exhausted (d3)sr$ kL % (o)tsukaresama Thank you (for your tiring

233 134 487

work) 403

RYO -heal, cure; treat medically 493 .if; chiryd medical treatment, therapy 8% iryd medical treatment 220 % shinryd diagnosis and treatment 1214 $ffi seryd free medical treatment 1004 % % % rydydsho,rydydjo sanatorium, nursing home 402,153

a

RYO -hostel, dormitory @& ! @ gakuseiryd dormitory ?k @ shainryd company dormitory & % dokushinryd dormitory for bachelors @ rydchd dormitory director @ 4 ryosei student living in a dormitory

109,44 308,163 219,59 95 44

RYO - an official; companion 6reaucracy 326 f% kanry6 bureaucrat C 326, 155,291 & f% E % kanry6 shugi bureaucratism, f% kakuryd cabinet memberlminister 837 .af: day6 colleague, coworker 198 264 f% % ry6yc?yii fellow worker, colleague

1327

SO -villa, inn; solemn 3k6.12 Ed El] $E bess6 country house, cottage, villa Lb $E sans6 mountain villa $E %$ s6ch6 solemn, sublime, impressive $E fE s6gon sublime, grand, majestic

S%

-

SO, SHO, yosqu) - wear; feign, pretend, disguise oneself as fjE g fi7krsa 3ylesfifaEs,attiF---"-'--683 @ $$ hens6 disguise 257 % t sochi device. apparatus. equipment 426 g fi$ s6shoku ornament, decoration 979 & $2 bus6 arms, armament 1031

TM,fukuro - sack, bag

fi ?$$

tebukuro glove tabi Japanese socks (worn with kimono) $& ?$$ kamibukuro paper sackbag ?$$ B$. fukurokdji blind alley, cul-de-sac %I! ibukuro stomach

a ?$$

57 58 180 27,151 1268

RETSU - violent, intense I!{ resshin violent earthquake %!I!{ netsuretsu ardent, fervent, vehement 8I!{ sdretsu heroic, brave % El ikydretsu intense, severe % ?!I tsiiretsu severe, fierce, bitter SHO - urge, encourage $@ % & shdgakukin a scholarship % % !k shdgakusei student on a scholarship % $% kanshd encouragement, promotion % % suishd recommendation, commendation

953 645 1326 217 1320 109,23 109.44 1051 1233

1

1333 TO, hi - a light, lamp 4 2 . 1 EI] % $7 dent6 electric light/lamp fl & taka a light, lamplight ,, % $3' gait6 streetlight fia f l sent6 ship light 7 ik? tddai lighthouse - i8' 1 k 1334 CHO, su(mu) - become clear su(masu) - make clear, perk

,

108 20 186 376 492

,,A

3a12.1 1

(one's ears); look prim/unconcerned/nonchalant

j * R

% ' %f seichd clear, limpid, lucid, serene ik? & %b!I sumikiru become perfectly clear %f & @ b sumiwataru be crystal clear 2 L Bfi sumashigoo unconcerned look

2, 44 24

.a / ig

660 39 378 277

1335 SAZ, wazawa(i) - misfortune, disaster

43.3

*

I

44 2

x jsff: sainan mishap, accident, calamity %. @ saigai disaster, accident x kasai f i blaze, conflagration 3? x tensai natural disaster/calamity %

shinsai earthquake disaster firebomb, Molotov cocktail

& @ enshd inflammation !$ % haien pneumonia ad % nden brain inflammation, encephalitis @ & chiijien inflammation of the middle ear 1337 3a8.15 CB

'' :&

TAN, awa(i) -light, faint, pale; transitory i& ndtan light and shade, shading % $3 tansai light coloring 62 % reitan indifferent, apathetic i& 7k tansui fresh water i& g awayuki light snow

557 518 20 141 953 20,1161 1318 1277 1278 28,56 957 932 832 21 949

I

METSU, horo(biru) -fall to min, perish, die out horo(bosu) - min, destroy, overthrow, annihilate @ 1% hametsu ruin, downfall, collapse i& metsub6 downfall, destruction ? i i& sh6metsu extinction, disappearance 23 2% genmetsu disillusionment

665 672 845 1227

r;;

1339 1- authority, dignity, majesty; threat 4115.2 13#% @. ken'i authority fi 4 @. % isei power, influence; high spirits

335 646

-

@ @. % @ ishirz igen dignity, prestige,stateliness dignit @ @. ky6i menace, threat,

&

PLEI - encouragement; diligence hage(mu) - be diligent 1017

YAKU - misfortune, disaster yakkai troublesome, burdensome; help, care f i % yakkaimono a dependent; burden

afi

453

1342 ATSU -pressure - -

-2~371- El-&--htsuryoku J-

*

100 1175 134 1057 905,210

-pressure appaku pressure, oppression & kiatsu atmospheric pressure #$ & yokuatsu restraint, suppression & @I $9 atr6teki overwhelming

--

E8

18 22

1

1343 KAZ, hai - ash 2p4.1 El

&

-

fi1 -

Ec 6E

kaijin ashes sekkai (chemical) lime ni Ef. haizara ashtray A Lh E kazanbai volcanic ash ni f9 haiiro gray

-1-344- F&'VTsumi-- charcoal ----

coal M 5-Z&di~an $ I% mokutan charcoal w J%% 8 saitan coal mining 36 44 8 % tanso carbon % @ tansan carbonic acid

IE

78 1097 20,34 204 -- -

78 22 933 27 1 516

# gan'en %l 3 iwaya

rock salt cave, cavern iwanobori rock climbing

%

78 20,261 1101 167 960

CHU, oki - open sea i$ $? okiai open sea, offshore 'i$$R % chiisekisei the alluvial epoch chiisekiki the alluvial epoch f$

%$CHU, naka - personal relations .f$ @. chiisai arbitration .f$ 5? chiikai mediation 1$I$ hakuchii be nearly equal, evenly matched 4$ [/I nakayoku on good terms, l i e good friend .f$ A nakbdo go-between, matchmaker

tsukisoi attending (someone), escorting

.. 1434 / #YO,uyauya(shii)- respectful, reverent, deferential fealty, allegiance

% &% 66kei reverence, respect % ?& ky6ga shinnen Best wishes for a happy

709 192 523,163 100 192 769 705

New Year. 756,174,45

KO -flood, inundation; vast '& & k6zui flood, inundation, deluge '8$g ktisekisti diluvium, diluvial formation

I 656,1367

I

6r

gofkku drapery, dry goods

683

8 fl6i gofukuya draper's shop, dry-goods dealer 683,167 8 $% Go-Etsu Wu and YuerYiieh (rival states of China) 1001

goraku bangumi entertainment progr

GO, sato(ru) -perceive, understand, realize, be enlightened

'1%

,iE (I

605 kakugo readiness, preparedness, resoluteness satori comprehension, understanding; satori, spiritual awakening

KO - item, clause, paragraph % @ jik6 matters, facts; items, particulars % @ % 5 1 jik6 sakuin subject index @ y6k6 essential points, gist % @ j6k6 provision, clause -kOmoku -heading, item-- -

80 80,1059,216 419 564 55

CHO,itadaki-summit, top itada(ku)-be capped with; receive B-_h--ch6jfi-summit;peak;top;-climax----l.4 B sancha summit, mountain top ffi ,& ch6ten zenith, peak, climax @! ffi zetch6 peak, height, climax

32 34 169 742

KEZ, katamu(kulkeru) - (intr./tr.) lean, incline, tilt @ $I keik6 tendency, trend; inclination

199 1069 75 1039 905

$!I $4 keisha

inclination, slant, slope k @ sakei leftward leanings, radicalization @ @ keichii listen @ @!I keita devote oneself (to), be absorbed (in) -- bay;inlet;-seashore---

-

tra-nwkb~ch titj'

/$

tsutsu-uraura throughout the land, the entire

'i@& k i$ Urashima Tar6 -

--

--

(character in a folk t -- - --.-

-

--

HO - shop, store; pavement 168 1328

kisha charity, almsgiving, donation

%? T 3-sutego abandoned child, foundling % ! %? T 6 misuteru abandon, desert, forsake ?J

1445 3~6.14El II 23 24

1

13 "C 6

kirisuteru cut down; discard, omit

1143 103 63 39

SH~?,hiro(u) -pick up, find Ji? - ten (in documents) 3% $% %!I shntokubutsu an acquisition 374,79 3% shiishg get under control, deal with 757 3% b1 %!I hiroimono something found lying on the ground, afind 79 (9) 3% 5 (kin)jaman en (amount of) 100,000yen 23.16.13

Yx

TEKZ, shizuku - a drop shitata(ru)- drip, trickle 7% suiteki drop of water 21 i%uteki raindrop 30 ti%j7; tekika drip, trickle down 31 ,& 8% tenteki falling drop of watertrain; (intravenous) drip 169

*%

TEKI, tsu(mu) - pick, pluck, nip % tekihatsu exposure, disclosure $8& tekishutsu pluck out, extract; expose % % shiteki point out % if5 tekiyo summary, synopsis ?$ $65 i$ chatsumi tea picking

a

61

96 53 1041 419 25 1

BAKU, shiba(ru) -tie up, bind 501 % @ sokubaku restraint, constraint, shackles %$ @ hobaku capture, apprehension, arrest 890 43 37 5% @ ?J kanashibari be bound; be tied down with money 23 @ ?J shibarikubi (execution by) hanging 148 HAKU, usu(i) - thin (paper), weak (tea), light (color) usu(maru/ragu/reru)- thin out, fade usu(meru)- dilute @, %$ senpaku shallow, superficial %$ @ hakujo unfeeling, heartless, coldhearted %$ j;E hakujaku feebleness %$ 4 hakumei twilight

649 209 218 18

1450 BO - record book, ledger, register 6f13.4 @ %# Zi! boki bookkeeping "S :( @ %# chdbo account book, ledger %# kakeibo housekeeping account book 66 43 21 & $5 $@ meibo list of names, roster 5% fi $I %# kaiin meibo list of members

zf

$ :

/

145 1

FU,shi(ku) - spread, lay, put down 411-1 81 % % fisetsu laying, construction !& yashiki mansion; residential lot 8 43 48 @ % zashiki a room, re %! & shlkikin a deposit !& @ shikifu (bed) shee

, $k 1

KO, shi(meru) - strangle, wring shl pressed together shibo(ru)- wring, @ 8 kksatsu strangle to death; h @ @I kdshukei (execution by) $3 @ 4 oshibori wet towel (prov

i: 1453

7~6.3

Bw

{k

M U - compare 798 !& @ hikaku comparison & ! @ t% hikakuteki comparatively, relatively 798.210 & ! @ & hikakukyr the comparative (of an adjective) 798,568 !& @ 2 % hikaku bungaku comparative literature 798,111,109

no gomon imperial chrysanthemum 475,708 39,395,888 1041 % @ shimon a fingerprint j& @ hamorr a ripple 666 I@ %d

4

%/a monkirigata conventional pattern

GA, me - a sprout, bud % % hatsuga germinate, sprout, bud % bakuga malt $% % shinme new bud, sprout, shoot % & ??. mebae bud, sprout, seedling 0) % ki no me leaf bud; Japanese pepper bud

*

-zlEgance, mccfil~n

SSSS-

--- -

-

% % gagaku ancient Japanese court music

1002

358

1457 JA - evil, wrong 2d5.8 CT] % # jasui % 3 jade 14 % gk jab6 % % jashii % kaze

%P %E rn

groundless suspicion, mistrust evil course, vice; heresy heretical religion, heathenism heretical sect, heathenism a cold

1233 149 245 616 29

1458 H, sude (ni) - already Oa10.5 CT] @ & (0) )zW kisei (no)jijisu accomplishedfact 261,80,203 @ %! 86i kiseifuku ready-made clothes 428,683 @ -,-A @@ ! kikon married 567 73 14 @ % kih6 previous report 685 @ @ kiisha previous illness; medical history 918, 1318

&% 1 p !

GM - general, approximate

8 $$ gaisan rough estimate 8 4% gairyaku outline, summary 8 % gaikatsu summary, generalization 8 gaikycs general situation, outlook 8 I gainen concept

@

747 841 1260 850 579

GAZ - regret, lament, deplore & @ gaitan remet, lament.. dedore 1246 . I@ #% iargai deep emotion 262 @ #% % E% kangai-mu@ filled with deep emotion 262,93,411

-

,w 51 73 14

1

1461 GAZ - shore; end, limit 3a8.33 CT] & @ sh@ai a life, one's lifetime 44 & @ gk sh6gai ky6iku continuing education 44,245,246 5 J2.44 21 22 18 - & @ issh6gai one's (whole) life (long) @ tengai horizon; a distant land 141

:,B l

1462 KA -good, 2a6.10

4%

h% I%

beautiful A hjin beautiful woman, a beauty 4°F kasaku a f i e piece of work % j"t; 4% jiik6-zekka scenic beauty % hky6 interesting part, climax (of a story)

1 360 29,138,742 864

I

FU,omomu(ku) - go, proceed; become

BYo, ega(ku) -draw, paint, sketch, depict, portray

--

-

l47O--F0;

3g8;5-flld.3

g

e;l -ir-

58 32

1

-

- -

neko - cat

-

- --

-

--

-

3% y a m a n e ~ a E i t J y n x

54

l.4 #i! e % yamaneko s6gi wildcat strike 34,302,292 #i! a T nekonadegoe coaxing voice 746 8!i 3 #i! manekineko porcelain cat beckoning customers 455

88

aiby6 pet/favorite cat

& stores

259

-

TEKZ,fua - flute, whistle % $ keiteki alarm whistle; (automobile) horn i$ $ kiteki steam whistle % $ muteki foghorn 17 $ kuchibue a whistle $3 I% tsunobue bugle; huntsman's horn T o , tsutsu - pipe, tube Pf @ fit6 envelope Zk @ suit6 canteen, flask % @ @ hatsuent6 smoke candle f% (%) entd(kei) cylinder 'fr f% takezutsu bamboo tube #A - (single) object; (counter for inanimate objects) f% % kasho place, part, passage (in a book) f% 3k kaj6 article, provision, item f% 3k 3 kaj6gaki an itemization - f% @ ikkanen 1 year

1474 3k5.23

a T- ;f

chikakei underground stem, rhizome kynkei (tulip) bulb inkei penis @ ;f haguki gums

1475 KEl - path; diameter El E!Z @ chokkei diameter $ 1 Wf @ hankei radius

35.5

1

@ @$

1463 21 96,919 13,395 129 153 564 564,131 2,45

#EI, kuki - stalk, stem

-++ 3 1 52 ;f 32 22 9 @8

29 22

706 135 950 54 473

A @ k6kei caliber @ 6% keiro course, route, process E!Z # @ f? chokuj6 keik6 straightforwardness

118,31 726 867 478

423 88 54 151 423.209.68

W ,aya(shii)-dubious; suspicious-looking;strange,mysterious; poor, clumsy aya(shimu) - doubt, be sceptical; marvel at, be surprised @ @J kaibutsu monster, apparition; mystery man 79 8 @ kikai strange, mysterious; outrageous 1360

%

ni all at one, all together kinsei symmetry, good balance

2 805

SM- religious purification; a room

@ % shosai a study, library 7% % saikai purification % % h { %$ saikai mokuyoku ablution, purification

131 876

876,1128 JUN - follow; circulate 865

joy

29 16 14

[JU]],[SHO]~shitaga(u) - obey, comply with, follow - --- - -shitaga(eru) - be-attended-by+conquerfls @ fikujfi obedience, submission 683 @ mdjfi blind obedience 1375 69 6$ % jfirai up to now, usual, conventional 279,163 @ % W jllgydin employee J o y fate -height, length; vertical @ i%jasen vertical line kk @ hOjll self-indulgent, dissolute, licentious @ % jab, tateyoko length and breadth @ % jlldan vertical section; traverse, travel across

299 512 78 1 1024

%@ Pk @ @ @ @ #&

shdheki fence, wall, barrier, obstacle boheki protective wall, bulwark ganpeki rock wall/face hekiga fresco, mural kabegami wallpaper

liness, fastidiousness

kaihi evasion, avoidance

1492 0a5.32

RAN, ama(i) - sweet; insufficiently salted; indulgent; overoptimistic ama(erur)- coax, wheedle, act spoiled, presume upon (another's) love ama(yakasu)- be indulgent Ek 8 kanmiryd sweetener 307,3 19 Q % kanbi sweet, dulcet 401 8 kangen honeyed words, flattery 66

KON - dark/navy blue # .fl! kon'iro dawnavy blue i& # nOkon deep/darlc/navyblue

# Ei kon'ya, kdya

3%

23 33 16

-- --

-

-149% -7fi-El = r

-

I-

204 957

dyer, dyer's

bdsho a certain place

S M U , shibo(ru) - squeeze, press, extract, milk & $$ assaku pressure, compression & $$ 8 assakuki press, compressor $$ $1 sakunyll milk {a cow) $$ sakushu exploitation #$ ?I & shiboritoru press out, extract

a

- SA -lie, d6c-eive--- --- ~ - s a s k & m i s ~ p r ~ s e n t - o ~ e s e l f~ 7 8 3 sashu fraud, swindle 65

-

-

.

--

1499 GI, azamu(ku)- deceive, dupe 4jg-1 81 @ % sagi fraud 1 @ #k gjfj sagishi swindler

1498 1498,409

-++-

49 32 4

1500 HZTSU - compare; alone hiki - (counter for animals) E! E $& hitteki be a match (for), comparable (to) E hippu man; man of humble position k - inu ippiki 1 dog

22.3

416 315 280,2

hanaha(da1dashii) - very much, extreme, great, enormous,

32 4 14

jindai very great, immense, serious, heavy $& %YI-$; gekijin intense, violent, severe 9 $; k0jin very glad, much obliged 8 k iinroku simpleton, blockhead

KAN - perception, intuition, sixth sense #I ftla kanj0 counting, accounts, bill $1 J! #I warikan splitting the bill equally, Dutch treat #I kanben pardon, forgive, overlook #b f i bl kanchigai misunderstanding, mistaken idea @ ?$! kand0 disown, disinherit

26 1017 684 8 355 519 71 1 814 77

1503 SHU - scariet Oa6.13 I J

* cp *d? %t%J #?

$ shuiro scarlet, cinnabar, vermilion 204 shuin red seal 1043 223 shuniku red ink pad ?t.U k 6 shuhitsu o kuwaeru correct, retouch 130,709

on the abacus juzu rosary $4 % $$ Shinju-wan Pearl Harbor

%%

-

422 295 747 225 422,670

-

SHU, koto (ni) -especially, in particular 282 % 3?# tokushu special, unique !/$ % 'kk tokushusei special characteristics, peculiarity 282,98 509 % % shush0 admirable, praiseworthy % @ a) koto no hoka exceedingly, exceptionally 83

% @ z0shoku increase, multiply, proliferate

kk

seishoku reproduction, procreation

% @ hanshoku breeding, reproduction % @ y6shoku raising, culture, cultivation

% 8 k0tetsu change (in personnel), reshuffle

1509 2.45

LZ]

3 52

BATSU - attack; cut down @ fi seibatsu conquest, subjugation 3 .tft t6batsu subjugation, suppression $!? .tft satsubatsu bloody, savage, warlike, fierce

id' I

Mess defo7estation, overcutting

-

1114 1018 576 933 689

1510 BATSU - clique, clan, faction 8E6.2--lfil - ~ ~ i r i E ~ - ' l i i a t s ~ c l i q u ~ f ~ t i o n % zaibatsu financial combine ''l li gunbatsu military clique, the militarists 76 52 3 % hanbatsu clan, clique, faction monbatsu lineage; distinguished family

'

1

1511 8e10.2

r! : 1

I 7

a rn a a'! rn

Tij, tataka(u) - fight, struggle EJ @ t0s0 struggle, conflict; strike %k !E sent0 battle, combat %$ funtd hard fighting, strenuous efforts % I! shunt0 spring (labor) offensive #$ kakut0 hand-to-hand fighting, scuffle

---15.12- -m-t ano(mu)~sKfo~queSt~~st-(1)tano(moshii) - reliable. dependable; ~romisina

''

77 41 24

---- --

$B ($R -

-

--

tayo(ru) -rely, depend (on) 4E $3 irai request; entrust (to); reliance @ !& shinrai reliance, trust, confidence !& # $& raishinshi telegram form --

--

-

-

--

--

-

678 157 157,180 . -.

. -

p p

--

I& ;Ei soseki foundation (stone) I& i% teisoshiki laying of the cornerstone 1516 2m12.1.EB I-

h t-

13 34 15

4% I

355,525

GI, utaga(u) -be doubtful of, be suspicious of, distrust & b! gimon question, doubt, problem 162 k% % giwaku suspicion, distrust, misgivings 969 &% %k gigoku scandal 884 @ &% $iy6gisha f a suspect Tession) 654, 164 & 6 %$ shitsugi-btb question and answer 176,827,160

a

GI - imitate B A gijin t@ % gion 4 -/c f$$ % mogi 23 34 13 f$$ % 8 !@

15 17

3~14.2[m

1 347 1425

personification an imitated sound; sound effects imitation, simulated mogi shiken mock/trial examination

1425,526,532

15 18

GYO, ko(ru) - grow stiff; be engrossed (in); be fastidious, - concentrate, strain @ gy6ko solidification, coagulation, freezing @ $$i gy6ketsu coagulation, curdling, condensation ybshi stare at, watch intently @ r s & k orishb fastidiousness, perfectionism

2b14.1 [m elaborate (about) ko(rasu)

1

h

r

34 13

;MI

$a

SATSU, su(reru)-rub, chafe; become worn; lose one's simplicity su(ru) - rub, file % pjf sakkash6 an abrasion, scratch 413,633 &k % kL \kutsuzure shoe sore 1076 % kL % 7 surechigau pass by each other 814 % 4 @ surikizu an abrasion, scratch 633

@# fr; hibun epitaph, inscription

%

-

kisai genius, man of remarkable talent L onigokko tag; blindman's buff

-

3

1526 - MZ - ciiii,enchant, f a T c i n i i -

-- - -- . -

-5f-10,1--• - % ~ - m i ~ ~ o k u - e h m ~ ~ ~ e ~ ~ ~ f a s e i n a t i o - ~ o ~ - 58 41 16

--

--

%I

-

@ ?3 bl! miryokuteki fascinating, captivating @ 7 miry6 charm, captivate, hold spellbound % % miwaku fascination, charm, lure

100,210 941 969

--

--

--

-

-

--

-

aceful behavior

majutsu black magic, sorcery, witchcraft

adruple amputee;prostitute

/% $# kansei quiet, peaceful % m shinkan stillness, quiet % ankan idleness & kansan leisure; (market) inactivity

1534 IPEW,koyomi - calendar 2~12.3

r;1:s

41 43

I

@$

@ @ seireki the Western calendar, A.D. 18 @ kyiireki the old (lunar) calendar % @ taiylireki the solar calendar % @ kanreki one's 60th birthday t@ hanagoyomi floral calendar

72 1216 629.630 866 255

dt 3% ? mizugashi fruit

RA,hadaka -naked % f@ rafu nude woman

%# rataiga nude pi % % -4 sekirara naked; % hadakauma unsaddled horse % - hadaka-ikkan with no properly but one's own 2,914

W N ,en - neck; collar, lapel n&I % ky6kin bosom. heart i%% 2 T Y kaikin shatsu open-necked shirt %% % 3 erimaki muffler, scarf erikubi nape, back/scruff of the neck % % St erimoto the neck

SO, hna(deru) -play (a musical instrument)

Occident, the West

-

1548 1554

$& &' iii; ffl $11 shiishin koyasei lifetime employment system

SEN, cgi - fan, folding fan @ 'T- sensu foldingfan @ & #! senpiiki electric fan % senkei, 6gigata fan shape, sector, segment Ei !!dl send6 incitement, instigation, agitation $'$ mai6gi dancer's fan

5

1 HZ, tobira - door; title page @ kaihi opening of the door - w r monpi the doors of a gate

1556

41118.2 b3 IL

SOKU, unaga(su) - urge, prompt, spur on I& % sokushin promotion, acceleration @ saisoku press, urge, demand @ J& sokusei artificially accelerate, force (growth)

YO, odo(ru) - dance odo(ri) - a dance, dancing $'$ %-% buy6 a dance, dancing !i% %-% 4 Bon odori Bon Festival dance %-% 4 'T- odoriko dancer, dancing girl %-% @ i odorikuruu dance ecstatically &fj 4 8 odoriba dance hall/floor; (stairway) landing

1

TO,fu(mu) - step on fu(tnaeru) - stand on, be based on 810,158 $'$ % & but6kai ball, dance party $# @ zatt6 hustle and bustle, (traffic) congestion 575 pk & t6sa survey, field investigation 624 %JJ fumikiri railroad crossing 39 @ & ashr:bumi step, stamp, mark time 58 YAKU, odo(ru) -jump, leap, hop % @ hiyaku a leap; activity; rapid progress 8@ katsuyaku active, action @ @ an'yaku behind-the-scenes maneuvering @ % yakushin advance by leaps and bounds @ !!dl yakud6 lively motion TAKU - wash, rinse $k i@ sentaku washing, the wash, laundry $k i@ #! sentakuki washing machine, washer $k i@ % sentakumono the wash, laundry

692 692,528 692.79

1562 CHO - sign, indication; trillion kiza(shi) - sign, symptoms kim(su) - show signs; sprout, germinate db, chdkd sign, indication 944

2b4.4

', {k ,: $L

$J ?&, ienchd omen, portent, foreshadowing 3 db, kitchd good omenlsign % % okuchd the multitude, the people

/ Jk

47 1141 382

CW(i,naga(meru) - look at, watch, gaze at

@k

I

1566 5

chdbd a view (from a window)

673

TO, ni(gem) -run away, escape, flee noga(rem) -escape

- 2q6~5--(9-ni(gmu),.noga(su)~letgo,.setfree;let.escape

$ ', {k &

% 2 tdsd escape, flight, desertion

8t

t6bd escape, flight, desertion % I$ & -b- nigedasu break into a run, run offfaway % ! % ?- minogasu overlook

/a

429 672 53 63

TO, mom0 - peach

#k @, momoiro pink #k @ Momo no Sekku #k & f% {< Momoyama jidai

204 Doll Festival (March 3) 464,337 Momoyama period (1583- 1602) 34,42,256 & f %/% TdgenbO Shangri-la, paradise on earth 580,855,864

-

' ''

SEN--step;step-up;-realiz~put-intopractice-.

-

- - --

203 203,210 % !% & j i s s i practical % !% % 'k%h pl] Jissen Risei Hihan (Critique of Practical Reason - Kant) 203, 143.98, 11029,1026

L ---

SEKZ, ato - mark, traces, vestiges, remains, ruins 3 iseki remains, ruins, relics 9@ shiseki historic sitelrelics @ ashiato, sokuseki footprint #% kizuato a scar $@ ?$ atotsugi successor, heir

a.

1172 332 58 633 1025

SHA - forgive fi; & taisha (general) amnesty ,p, & onsha an amnesty, general pardon & %!, shanlerl pardon, clemency 8& tokusha an amnesty @ & ydsha pardon, forgiveness, mercy SEN - fine, slender $@ $fk sen'i fiber, textiles & $fk 1% sen'i kdgyd textile industry -& & & $fk gdsei sen'i synthetic fiber 11: kasen synthetic fiber 8%$B sensai delicate, fine, subtle KYO, [KO] - empty d % k % kyomu shlrgi nihilism d % ( ~ 2 1 ) kyoeifskin) vanity d $$ kyojaku weak, feeble, frail d 4% kyogi false, untrue d 2 koka empty space, the air

I

93, 155,291 723,97 218 1485 140

1573 GI, tawarnu(reru) -play, sport; jest, flirt 41111.1(73 %? & yagi amusement gikyoku drama, play 3 -I- !i#? !& ~zengi (sexual) foreplay 52 18 12 & i@giga a caricature % & akugi, itazlrln mischief, prank, lewdness

r

k i &%

GYAKU, shiita(geru) - oppress, tyrannize @$ @ gyaklctai treat cruelly, mistreat 8 @ bdgyaku tyrannical, cruel @$ $2 gyaklrsatsu massacre, slaughter, butchery % @ zangyaku cruel, brutal, inhuman $ @ %i jigyakuteki self-torturing

57 54 42

SHOPoso(u) -attack, assail; succeed to, inherit % @ raishzi attack, assault, invasion 2 %! kkhti air raid @ ft yashii night attack @ ft ssshii hereditary % insha long-established custom, convention

69 140 47 1 252 554

SHO- happiness; good omen ;I;# 3 fushbji scandal 94,80 % # hasshb origin 96 % # fib hasshbchi birthplace, cradle 96,118 # kisshb good omen 1141 % # 3? Kichijbten, Kisshdten (Buddhist goddess) 1141, 141

*

MOKU,dama(ru) -become silent, say nothiig ik % chinmoku silence % 3 mokunin tacit

!% $$ mokusatsu talc % 83 mokuhiken

strong, fierce maretsu fierce, violent, strong mbda hard hit, heavy blow mbsho fierce heat mbken vicious dog mosa man of coujage;stiilwartTeterah

1581

SHU,ka(ri) - hunting ka(ru) - hunt

%? @if, (m) shuryb(ki) hunting (season) 1580,449 %? h karigoya hunting cabin 27,167 "* %? karytido hunter 1 27 33 37 i# ? %? h shiohigari shell gathering (at low tide) 468,584 d* d. %? h mikangari picking mandarin oranges - 1382L- ~ o ~ animal;beast------k ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ = -

'

3g6.5

@I

a

1

3g12.3 -!@~!!k~a~~wildanimaI mt-i 4 EE /J, f % mbjti vicious animal, ferocious beast 1579 % kaijll monster 1476 ,, ,, ,, 'B .% !& # % @$ chbjti hogo kuiki 285,489,1312,183,970 % jtii veterinarian eildlife sanctuary 220

&1

-

--

-- -

-- - - --

- - -.-

- -

-

-

-

YO- delay; still, still more 3% ?F yiiyo postponement, deferment 4% ?F 2 < yiiyoonku without delay, promptly % j?

?F shikk0 yiiyo suspended sentence, probation

393 393

686,68,393 EN, sum - monkey !@ $& yaen wild monkey 236 @ ! @ rujin'en anthropoid ape 226.1 8& 9% sarujie shallow cleverness 214,1219 ft @ 0 dtt] ken'en no naka hating each other, like cats and dogs 280,1347 KO - scales, weigh 805 @ @$ kink0 balance, equilibrium y f% heik0 balance, equilibrium 202 y @$ @ % heik0 kankaku sense of equilibrium 202,262,605 f 7% doryBk0 weights and measures 377.41 1

1586 KANJ ka(eru) - substitute ka(wam) -be replaced 3~9.15 ;J:

=+-=

r

23 34

&1@

2 %$

kiikan exchange, substitution

114 433 #$ henkan change, conversion 257 %$ $$ kansan(ritsu) conversion, exchange (rate) 747,788 % 4 %$ k 6 norikaeru transfer, change (trains) 523

% %$ tenkan conversion, switchover; diversion

(s)

1587 KAN-call 3d9.19 % sh0kan summons, subpoena Gitness) 995 484,1,162 r (8A) % fbEf (sh0nin)kanmon summons (of a a

34

0%

1

% $3 kanki evoke, awaken, call forth & ! W k a n shout, outcry, scream $i ,itk RY. % abikyokan (2 Buddhist hells); bedlam

1588 YO- dissolve,'melt 81 @! 6 yiigb fusion

6d10.5 64 24

@ % ynzii accomodation, loan; versatility r] 20 & @! kin'yii money, finance & @! @ kin'yii kikan financial institution

1 1589 2d10.2

\ fs 1 @! :4

@!

a

yiishi financing, loan

M U J heda(teru)- separate, interpose; estrange heda(taru)-be distant, apart; become estranged pi$? kankaku space, spacing, interval R % kakuri isolation, quarantine 3 pi% enkaku distant, remote, outlying %8 0kakurnaku the diaphragm

373 1252 813, 1252 159 150 23 23,528,398 750

43 1281 446 781,1426

1590 3d4.14

a 3 46

81

TEZ - offer, present, exhibit @ B shintei give, present !# zdtei present, donate $ kenteibon presentation copy % kintei With the compliments of the author @ rotei i exposure, disclosure

437 1364 1355,25 1247 95 1

s a

@ ?&% i b6hatei breakwa

I

1593

I mata - again: - also, moreover

I

X 8 matagiki hearsay, secondhand information X @ L matagashi sublease X k matamata once again X C;f: matawa or, either ... or ... .- -

.SO,rzfuta --soh6 '-pair,bothbothparties/sides R & 5'2, ssc?eiji twins x @ s8gankyd binoculars s6ken one's shoulders x 7- futago twins

'

--

--

DO, tsuto(meru) -exert oneself, make efforts, strive % h doryoku effort, endeavor % 17 doryokuka hard worker

64 748 - -

70 44,1217 848,863 1264 103 100 100,165

1597 4k7.20 Pi! Jb,

k4

51 49

(81

Y o - distant; leisure 1%% yazen calm, perfect composure ?% yirchb leisurely, slow, easygoing 1%4 yayh calm, composed, leisurely ?% @$ yay6 composed, calm, serene ?% % ! yiikyli eternity, perpetuity

'1% 'kk yukai pleasant, merry, cheerful 77; 'kk fuyukai unpleasant, disagreeable '1% % yuraku pleasure, joy

setsuyu admonition, reproof, caution

heal up, adhere, knit together

1409 94,1409 358

400

657 493 202

1601 SHO, ure(i) - grief, sorrow, distress; anxiety, cares 4k9.16

K if,

1

\

1602 4k6.19

$

f&

1

-

ure(eru) -grieve, be distressed; fear, be apprehensive 855 % 8 kyksha homesickness, nostalgia H t ryoshri loneliness on a journey 222 % 8 irsha melancholy, grief, gloom 1032 3% $$ goshirshrj-sama My heartfelt sympathy. 633,403

m,oso(reru)- fear, be afraid of oso(roshii)-terrible, frightful, awful 3 $6 kykydshuku be very grateful; be sorry 3 kykydk6 panic ?&! #% %% kyrjsaika henpecked husband 2 3 h L 1.> soraosoroshii have a vague fear

1110 1378 671,165 140

CHZKU, kizu(ku) - build, erect ?% kenchiku architecture, construction % %? kenchikuka architect fh ?% shinchiku new construction & % kaichiku rebuilding, reconstruction i% i.4 tsukiyama mound, artificial hill

892 892,165 174 514 34

-

1611 1617

gyomlj fishing net

$fl kljtsiimlj traffic network

$N shitenmlj network of branch offices

ikan officer below the rank of major

I, nagusa(meru) -comfort, console, cheer up; amuse, divert nagusa(mu) -be diverted; banter; make a plaything of % l?!imon consolation, sympathy 162 !% 5 ian comfort, recreation, amusement 105 !% 3 $2 ireisai a memorial service 1168,617 8 #f $$ isharyc? consolation money, solatium 901,319

JIN,[NZ]- virtue, benevolence, humanity, charity 291

3 amadera convent

no sa enormous difference .-

1344 636,658 996 1543 -

I

I

b

-

1622 KATSU,kawa(ku) -be

thirsty -kikatsihunger and thirst & j % katmbc? craving, longing, thirst &?& !i kokatsu run dry, become depleted i& 7fC kassui water shortage % 3 k $% k. h kawaki o oboeru feel thirsty

3a8.13 H--i%-i&

2

fl

P

21 43 15

161

-S304 673 974 21 605

KATSU - woden/quilted clothing brown, chestnut brown $6 % & sekkasshoku reddish brown % % & kokkasshoku dark/blackish brown

@J

5

keiji notice, bulletin

204 251,204 207,204 206,204

615 615,1047

1625 DAKU, nigo(ru) -become muddylturbid nigo(su) -make 3a13.8 21 64

@% 1 ii$ t8 55 ~8% i8 %?

kondaku turbidity, muddiness seidaku purity and impurity, good and evil dakuryii muddy river, turbid waters dakuon voiced sound; cardiac dullness

1626 katn -beach, lagoon, inlet i& higata dry beach, beach at ebb tide

3a12.9

% i8 @ Niigata-ken Niigata Prefecture

;1.

turbid 799 660 247 347

584 174,194

21 44 39

1627

-

Oa5.7

KO, taku(mi) - skill, dexterity, ingenuity CT] $f!iigikd art, craftsmanship, technical skill f i ?j$ kdmytj skilled, clever, ingenious

fi 2 ktjsha skilled, adroit, clever # f i seikd elaborate, exquisite, sophisticated % f i rdkd experienced, seasoned, veteran

38 14

J

51

87 1 1154 164 659 543

u ( y - rot, decay 7f; $5 fu ii immortal, undying %asterpiece 94 7f; $5 {'% fukyii no meisaku immortal 94,82,360 $5 fukyii deteriorate, rot away, molder 1245 5% $5 rtjkyii senescence, advanced age 543 $3 6 % kuchiba decayedldead leaves 253

ma,k 4a2.6

i:;

KO, hoko(ru) -boast of, be proud of 8 @ kochtj exaggeration, overstatement 1106 8 k kodai exaggeration, overstatement 26 3 A %! ( E )kodai mBsd(kyii) delusions 26,1376,147,883 % 5 koji display, flaunt c f grandeur, megalomania 615 % 6 8 b kachihokoru exult in one's triumph 509

1630 REI, uruwa(shii) -beautiful, 3q16.5

f3% E birei beautiful, pretty

n 18 20 13 I-

1

pretty

1631 SEN, susu(meru) - recommend; advise; offer, present 3k13.25B @ g suisen recommendation

~

@ #$ suisenjd letter of recommendation -H- ;1. )--32 44 18 ji!3 @$ tasen recommendation (by another)

2%

401

% karei glory, splendor, magnificence 1074 1 % A reijin beautiful woman % %?, tanrei grace, elegance, beauty qourishes 1418 %% 6 l biji-reiku speech full of rhetorical 401,688,337

$

&! jisen

self-recommendation

1233 1233,626 120 62

KEI - rejoice, be happy over; congratulate @ % keiga congratulation 756 @ % keishuku congratulation; celebration 85 1 l& % keiji happy event, matter for congratulation 80 @ fi Kei6 (Japanese era, 1865-68) F h i i a 827 @! fiE Kokkeisetsu Anniversary of Founding of P.R. 40,464 HA - supremacy, domination, hegemony

249

,.-

T M U - entrust l@),l_eave-in the care (of) LIJ ?&3 ijaku trust, charge, commission $+-I % shintaku trust 67 12 % f i takujisho day nursery % 2 takusen oracle, revelation from God $6 3 kettaku conspiracy, collusion

1636

--

--

.--

466 157 1217,153 625 485

7a3.1

1

ZOKU - belong (to) f i E shozoku belong, be assigned (to) I$ &% fuzoku attached, affiliated, incidental r] 20 & E kinzoku metal % senzoku belong exclusively (to) $k E jiizoku subordination, dependence

1637 319.1

p 40 64

&/ @

--

1638

-

SHOKU - request, entrust, ,commission 3a2m-@J%-% shokutaku part-time worker @ % ishoku commission, charge, request @ ! shokubd expect much of

\5

n !

I PE

153 192 23 600 1482 -

16'36

466 673

-

1646 3d8.9

SHO, tona(eru) - chant; cry; advocate, espouse f!? P i gasshii(dan) chorus ?& @I dokushij vocal solo h a sing ZE ,E;l p8 shushii advocacy, promotion % teishb advocate

(a)

159,491

f

155,148

YO - song; NO^ chanting uta(u) - sing gg min'yii folk song & gg diiyb children's song % $8 kayii song 3 % % & -kayiic5kyoku p EkI yLikyoku Noh so

177 410 392 92,366 366

YO, yu(reru), yu(ragu) yu(rugu) -shake, sway, vibrate, roll,

1649

w-can 6% kanzume !i canned goods 1142 .u r % 6 I% seikan kiijii cannery,canning factory 428,139,154 39 36 15 6 % b kankiri can opener 140 2 $3 6 akikan empty can

2k4.6 L l -4-

(12)

-

1650 TO - porcelain, pottery 2d8:l-l-lIl -j%j-%-riiki-china;ceramics;pottery------27 % tiijiki ceramics, china and porcelain g wr 36 15 !&I % tiigei ceramic art ii@ I tiikii potter

POI

-- -

1548,527 435 139

KZ,kagaya(ku) - shine, gleam, sparkle, be brilliant % @ kdki brilliance, brightness; glory @ g kid0 (degree of) brightness

% !J &$

@ 73s L

hikarikagayaku shine, beam, glisten kagayakashii bright, brilliant

ku(ru) - reel, wind; spin (thread); turn (pages); consult (a reference book), look up; count %% !J $ kurikaesu repeat % !I @ kurigoto same old story, complaint %% J! % 4 kurinobe postponement, deferment %% !I k 17 & kuriageru advance, move up (a date)

138 377 138

442 66 1115 32

SO, ayatsu(ru) -manipulate, operate misao - chastity; constancy, fidelity, honor % $# sdjil control, operate, manipulate 1483 ( g&%) % i+ (enkaku)sdsa (remote) control 446,1589,360 # % taisd gymnastics, exercises 61 % sessd fidelity, integrity; chastity 464

SO, mo - water plant $@ % sdrlii water plants % % kaisii saltwater plant, seaweed $@ @ moglisa water plant

226 117 249

GYO, akatsuki - dawn, daybreak 141 730

& honsd running about efforts

429

FUN, fu(ku) -emit, spout, spew forth @ A funka (volcanic) eruption @ 7k funsui jet of water; fountain @ & funshutsu eruption, gushing, spouting @ fif funsha jet, spray, injection @ % # funmuki sprayer, vaporizer

20 21 53 900 950,527

FUN - burial mound, tomb %f funbo grave, tomb 1429 & kojiln ancient burial mound, old tomb 172 % zenpd-k6enfun ancient burial mound 3 rh. (square at the head and rounded at the foot) 47,70,48,13

1663

-

r] r

59 20 15

1

KAN

- keep watch over

g $fl

5h10.1

& ! !% g% P%

1664 8a152

KAN - model, pattern, example; &o ffi- & kliTitei apFIisQl;-e@3Riq % R kansh6 admiration, enjoyment & RU kanbetsu discrimination. differentiation @ & nenkan yearbook, almanac

--

-355 500 267 45 1043

!,G ! Pk%

--

--

1

1666 5cfi.2-111

R3

6:

&1

606 624 697 482 884

kanshi keeping watch, supervision, surveillance kansa inspection; auditing s6kan inspector/superintendentgeneral kankin imprison, confine kangoku prison

611 6% inkan one's seal, seal impression

& & kantai fleet, squadron TEZ - small boat -~~kanteina\ral~e.o,sels 8f @ shiitei boat, craft $fl hi& junshitei patrol boat @ @ teiko boathouse @ & teishin a boat length

438 301 823,140,112 937,21 795 -

t665 1094 777,606 825 59

'ls $C 'ls % 2% 'ls

shukujo lady, gentlewoman shukutoku feminine virtues shishuku look up to as one' s model

JUKU - private school $h shijuku private class at a teacher's home % gakushijjuku (private) cram school

Lk

ZZ!

42.

jukusei student of ajuku

chashin one's inmost headfeelings

- -Westem styles

124;289; 1394

1681 21117.1 13 68

&I

TEZ - chastity, constancy, righteousness B 8 teishuku chastity, feminine modesty & r!B teisetsu fidelity, chastity R % teisii chastity, female honor, virginity !$ @ teiketsu chaste and pure $ 6i fitei unchastity, infidelity

1668 464 1655 1241 94

1682 KO, [KYO], ho(ri), ILU -fragrance, aroma ~ ~ ~ o ( r u ) - s m sweet e~ % % kiiki fragrance, aroma, sweet smell 134

5d4.5 El

q

t]

56 43

41

@ 8 k i i w spices; perfume %! 9 senkii stick of incense & % iroka color and scent; (feminine) beauty

319 299 204

SHO, hii(deru) - excel, surpass

@ % yiishii excellent, superior % $2 shiiitsu superb, masterly

1033 734 % shiirei graceful, beautiful, handsome 1630 % 5;-;;f- shiisai talented man, bright boylgirl 5 h t e r 551 I$ L.1 3% @ % keishii gaka accomplished woman 343,165

- invite; induce; lure, entice temptation, seduction inducement

TO, su(ku)-be transparent;leave a gap su(kasu)-look through; leave a space su(keru) - shine through 3 tiimei transparent 18 3 %,! tiishi seeing through; fluoroscopy; clairvoyance 606 @ 3 shintii permeation, osmosis, infiltration 1078 3 8 ?i & sukitiiru be transparent 150

1686 KEI, tazusa(eru) -carry (in one's hand); have with one 3~10.4 q tazusa(waru) -participate (in) % keitai carrying, bring with; portable ;b % & % hikkei handbook, manual; indispensable 23 74 8 %! fa teikei cooperation, tie-up % renkei cooperation, league, concert

$21 #$

1687 #EN - modesty, humility 7a10.10(B 8 &? kenkyo modest, humble

'

1572

% @ ken '0 modest, humble Godesty 1013 @ @ 0 $% kenjii no bitoku the virtue of 1013,401,1038 % 8 kyiiken modesty, humility, deference 1434 8 ? /U kenson modesty, humility

IL 67 39 16

$21

963 520 628 440

1

CHI, haji - shame, dis ha(iirau)-be shy ha % 86 muchi shameless, @ Ik 86 harenchi s 86 % chim6 pubic hair $6 $U 6 ? hajishirazu shameless person

287 214

~~~-daring,boid % JLk yiikan brave, daring, courageous % JLk kakan resolute, determined, bold, daring JLk % kanzen bold, fearless JLk kant6 fight courageously JLk f i kank6 take decisive action, dare; cany out

centigrade

1386 487 65 1 1511 68

65 44 483 143 566,377

Jo,shibu(i) - astringent, puckery; glum; quiet and tasteful shibu - astringent juice (of unripe persimmons) shibu(ru)- hesitate, be reluctant '8 % jiitai delay, retardation '8 jiimen, shibutsura, shibuzura sour face, scowl '8% shibumi puckery taste; severe elegance --- - --

- -------

-1.694 Rm-p-arapet, rampart; base (in baseball)

964 274 307 -

82,uhgnorts;;ss

83 f

2

58 22 5

=,x 4

i%ik 4 tekirui enemy's fortress/position 4 % ruishin base umpire $4 honruida home run ii% 4 manrui bases loaded -_

-

--

25,1020 - --- -

- . -

1695 - 1701 1695 Oa11.8

8

3 J L

62 39 16

$&

1%

1696

SHUKU - quietly, softly, solemnly

# @ seishuku stillness, quiet, hush #!? @ genshuku solemnity, austerity, gravity $ @ jishuku self-discipline, self-control @ shukusei (political) purge 1% shukutb purge disloyal elements from a party YO - mediocre, ordinary

663 822 62 660 495

''

3q8.2 (21 @ @ ifhayo middle path, golden mean h @ bon'yb mediocre, run-of-the-mill I8 42 39 P @ tbyb appointment, promotion

1697

TO -Tang, T'ang (Chinese dynasty) Kara - China, Cathay

9

'

@f

&I

@f @!J

3q7.3 (21 39 24

k1699

tbtotsu abrupt

% @f (A) ketb(jin) hairy barbarian, foreigner & @ 1% kentbshi Japanese envoy to Tang China karayb Chinese style

SHO- adorn (one's person)

makeup * r It:It:It: @@@ &!keshb I keshbhin cosmetics keshbshitsu dressing room; lavatory

6b6.1

q

62 22 18

28 1102 960

it: @ $$ % it: @

keshbbako a vanity, dressing case uusgeshb light makeup

898 287,l 1173,331 403

61 16 8

FUN, magi(reru) - be mistaken (for), be hardly distinguishable; get mixed; disappear (among); be diverted magi(rasu), magi(rawasu) - divert, distract; conceal; evade magi(rawashii) - ambiguous, liable to be confused & 9 fins6 dispute, strife 302 & % funshitsu loss, be missing 311

m O - twist (rope); ask, inquire into

RYO, [RO], kate - food, provisions [it % shokuryd food, foodstuffs $ . [it rydshoku provisions, food supplie @ hyord (military) provisions !3 4 a).$ hibi no kate one's daily bread 12. Q $g kokoro I no kate food for thought

a

97

1705 BOKU, sumi - India ink, ink stick 3b11.4 €i 7fC & i!4i suibokuga India-ink painting

@ *!3i & 43 44

,,

@/

A

21,343 205 490 345 --52

a hakuboku

chalk bokushu adherence (to tradition) $2 sumie India-ink drawing h irezumi tattooing; a tattoo

-

1706 SEN, shi(meru) - occupy, hold urana(u) - tell fortunes 2m3:2 El--&-$f sen'Tiii-03-c~~possession

& i% senry6

265834 219 241 730

occupation, capture

%& & dokusen monopoly

& & kaishime & l r l hoshiuranai

bS

cornering (the market) astrology; horoscope

man about town

-

-

-

- ---

-- - - -

--..-

-

-

-

SUZ, yo(u) -get drunk, be intoxicated; feel sick $$ % masui anesthesia; narcosis % @# deisui get dead drunk d\@# shinsui be fascinated (with), ardently admire @# 9 $A La yopparai a drunk @ Ll finayoi seasickness

1529 1621 97 582 376

SAZ, kuda(keru) - break, be smashed; condescend, get familiar kuda(ku) -break, smash, pulverize #8 @ finsai pulverize, shatter, crush 1701 @ 6 saiseki rubble, broken stone Ffforts 78 #8 @ @ & finkotsu-saishin make one's utmost 1701,1266,59 E @ gyokusai death for honor 295 KOKU - severe, harsh, cruel % % zankoku cruel ?$i% reikoku heartless, cruel @ 8 kokuhyd sharp/harsh criticism i% @! kokushi work (someone) hard % kokusho intense heat, swelter

650 832 1028 33 1 638

HZ - open % % hird announcement 951 kekkon hirden wedding reception $% ?%% %i 485,567,951,640 @ & hireki express (one's opinion) 480 % bfi hiken open and read (a letter) 63

1713 BATSU, nu(ku)-pull out; remove; leave out; outdistance, surpass 3c4.10 [D nu(keru) - come/fall out; be omitted; be gone; escape nu(karu) -make a blunder nu(kasu) - omit, skip over 794 23 "12 9 % % batsugun preeminent, outstanding % senbatsu selection, picking out 800 t % $ honenuki unboned; emasculated, toothless 1266

' ' $&

1714 MU, nigqru) - grasp, grip, take hold of 3~9.17 [D @ F akushu shake hands % @ shdaku hold, seize, grasp ;f p 23 40 22 -- @ ?I hitonigiri handful @ ?I & nigirimeshi rice ball @ ! I #$ & h nigirishimeru grasp tightly, clench

$ 1

57 499 2 325 1180

1716 CHZTSU- plug up, obstruct; nitrogen 3r118.9 [iijl & ,@, chissoku suffocation, asphyxiation & ,$. ?% chissokushi death from suffocation +f L , 33 22 16 & % chisso nitrogen

1242 1242,85 271

P/

1100 1100,885 1100,882 65

%-@I sesshu ste 0 dr j % hydsetsu plagi

1718 K a hika{eru) - hold back, refrain from; note down; wait g &! kdjo deduct, subtract &i % kdso (intermediate) appeal (to a higher court) ,, ,, 38 F @ k tebikae note, memo; holding offback g k & hikaeshitsu anteroom, lobby

1065 1402 57 166 55

3~8.11

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2

hikaeme moderate, reserved

KO, [KU], mitsu{gu) -pay tribute; support (financially) E # kkken contribution, services $ % nengu annual tribute R 3 (% mitsugi(mono) !I) tribute -

1355 45 79

--

1721 FU-help

k% $k @ #

3~4.4 CU 2 f @ x - 2f @

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carry, transport-----------n P a n . - f r % % hansd convey, carry &? A hannya carrytsend in #! & hanshutsu carryltake out

3Um~ f 23 63 20

- --

-

-

--

yd support (a family) 5omeone) 402 fuyd gimu duty of supporting 402,291,235 fuydry6 sustenance allowance, alimony 402,319 jkjo aid, support, relief 623 fuchi rice ration allotted to a samurai 45 1

-- --

u

-

--

--

m

--

s

~

-

c

--

~

~439 441 52 53 -

1723 4b4.5

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HZ, koe, ko(yashi)-manure, dung, night soil ko(yasu)-fertilize ko(eru) -grow fat; grow fertile; have fastidious taste ae! $$ hiryo manure, fertilizer 319 Re! i% himan corpulence, fatness, obesity 201 Be! A hidai fleshiness, corpulence 26 HA - take, grasp; bundle $@ % haaku grasp, comprehend $@ % haji hold on to, grasp

ichiwa 1 bundle $I! sanba 3 bundles f- $@ jjipa 10 bundles

1714 45 1 2 4 12

SAN, ZAN, miji(me) -piteous, wretched, miserable 8 hisan misery, distress, tragedy 'B @ ssanji disaster, tragic accident 'B sanjo miserable state, disastrous scene 'B Wk sanpai, zanpai crushing defeat 'B4?d! zanshi tragic/violent death

1034 80 626 51 1 85

- $I! 1725 4k8.5

>? 1' % / 1' % 1726 3r3.1

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a

JZN, tsu(kusu) - exhaust, use up; render (service), make efforts

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40 2I

61 s

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6
% 65 4% 1520 d 477 % 890 ?$ 1177 @ 761 d 477 Tiiru ?$ 1177 @ 761 3% 2043 t 713 %3 2179 t6(ru) 8% 2203 Toshi @ 2099

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243

Further instructional materials and reference works by the authors concerning the Japanese writing system W. Hadarnitzky and M. Spahn A Guide to Writing Kanji & Kana. Book 1.2 Rutland (Vermont) and Tokyo: Tuttle 1991 The two volumes accompanying Kanji & Kana will help students master the writing of the two kana syllabaries and the 1,945 basic characters contained in volume 1 of Kanji & Kana. M. Spahn and W. Hadarnitzy The Kanji Dictionary. Rutland (Vermont) and Tokyo: Tuttle 1996. 1748 p. Revised and enlarged edition of the Japanese Character Dictionary (1989). Contains 5,910 characters (7,062 counting variants) and over 48,000 multi-character compounds. Includes about 1,000 new entries not found in the 1989 edition. Uses a simple classic radical system, (79 radicals). The only dictionary that allows the user to look up a compound via any of its constituent kanji. In addition, various tables, maps, and other supplements have been added for the user's edijication and entertainment. M. Spahn and W. Hadamitzky The Learners Kanji Dictionary. Rutland (Vermont) and Tokyo: Tuttle 1997. approx. 900p.

SUNRISE Script 2000. Kanji learning program on CD-ROM Berlin: JAPAN Media 1995 Release 3.1: 1 CD-ROM + 2 floppy disks + manual Electronic version of Kanji & Kana, with audio pronunciation for all kana and 2,000 kanji. Allows lookup of kanji by reading, meaning, or graplzeme. SUNRISE Kanji Dictionary. Kanji dictionary with 7,000 kanji and 47,000 compounds on CD-ROM Berlin: JAPAN Media 1995. Release 1.3.1: 1 CD-ROM + 2 floppy disks + manual Electronic version of Japanese Character Dictionary (1989)by Spahn & Hadamitzky. Allows lookup of kanji and compounds by grapheme, reading, or meaning.

Tuttle Kanji Cards by Alexalzder Kask Tuttle New Loanwords in Japanese by Taeko Katniya Tuttle's Watch Pocket Dictionary: English-Japanese Dictionary 250 Essential Kanji for Everyday Use by The Kanji Text Research UiziversiTy of Tokyo Watashi No Nihon: Tuttle Activity Books for Young Learners of Japanes

-

Wolfgang Hadamitzky is a librarian in the East Asia section of the Berlin State Library. He has worked in Oslo and Tokyo on the staff of the German Cultural Institute (Goethe-Institute).

M n k S p a h n 4 l a - m in mRthcm;lticR.c.,ng.ineering..Ocomputer science. He has worked in Japan as a teacher, computer magazine writer, programmer, and translator. He presently resides in the United States, where he is active as a technical translator and con- ---sultantii -- - . - -- ..

. - .-

----

Table 15. The Sylllabaries Hiragana

Table 16. Checklist for Determining the Radicalof a Character

S.rfra>%iSE%ZTbtc~a)$.~: ~9 1 ;7( tWhere to lookfor a radical

(%Enat) 0.

character = radical (8% = @V)

1.

on the left (fEIli4)

2.

on the right (GiiIil)

3.

on top ( k m )

4.

on bottom (TW)

5.aBmmmm as an enclosure (El&)

6.

7.

anywhere else (TO%) a)

only one radical (1 9 O l t O & )

b)

greater stroke-count (@%O$b~@V@%)

C)

leftmost (fEiiIil@%)

d)

uppermost (I.D~@x) no radical (radical Oa) ( @ tt L)

Examples

Reviews of the original Kanji & Kana:

"One of the best modern texts. Highly recommended." -The Japan Times

"A helpful guide for anyone who needs to use kanji." --Mainichi Daily News

Kanji & Kana: Revised Edition is a comprehensive guide to the reading and writing of the Japanese language, providing all the information needed to master the basic characters (kanji)and the syllabaries (kana). Updating the 1981 original, Kanji & Kana: Revised Edition contains all 1,945 Jdyd Kanji plus a handy supplement of the 284 Jinmei-yd Kanji used in given names, new to the revised edition. The first part of the book is a general introduction to the Japanese writing system. Topics discussed include the history, orthography, usage, reading, and writing of kanji and kana, as well as punctuation, romanization, and guidelines for using Japanese reference books. The body of the text is a convenient listing of the Jdyb Kanji with their officially recognized readings and most important definitions. Up to five compounds are given for each kanji, using only kanji that have been introduced earlier. All JdycS Kanji are presented in brush, pen, and printed forms, with the stroke order clearly indicated. The kanji are fully indexed by the on-kun readings, by stroke count, and by radical, making it possible to use the book as a concise character dictionary. 'Also included are twenty tables, covering such things as the 214 historical radicals, the rules for determining the radical of a kanji, and the derivation of kana. Wolfgang Hadamitzlq and Mark Spahn have revised, updated, and expanded the widely praised Kanji & Kana. The result is one of the most useful Japanese language texts on the market, an indispensable tool for all students of Japanese, from beginning to advanced. 90000

CHARLES E. TUTTLE COMeANY 9 780804 820776

I

I S B N 0-8048-2077-5

Hadamitsky &amp; Spahn - Kanji &amp; Kana.pdf - PDFCOFFEE.COM (2024)
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